Figure 1.1	Locations of Key Construction Activities
Figure 1.2	Locations of Reclamation Works Area
Figure 2.1	Locations of Air and Noise Monitoring Stations and Chek Lap Kok Wind Station
Figure 2.2a	Locations of Water Quality Monitoring Stations
Figure 2.2b	Updated Locations of Water Quality Monitoring Stations (since 5 January 2019)
Figure 2.3	Vessel based Dolphin Monitoring Transects in Construction, Post-Construction, and Operation Phases
Figure 2.4	Land based Dolphin Monitoring Locations in Baseline and Construction Phases
Figure 2.5	Sightings Distribution of Chinese White Dolphins
Figure 2.6	Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins with Different Group Sizes
Figure 2.7	Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins Engaged in Different Behaviours
Figure 2.8	Sighting Locations of Mother-calf Pairs
Figure 2.9	Plots of First Sightings of All CWD Groups from Land-based Stations
Figure 2.10	Location for Passive Acoustic Monitoring

Appendices

Appendix A	Project Organization Chart
Appendix B	Environmental Mitigation Implementation Schedule (EMIS) for Construction Phase
Appendix C	Monitoring Results

Abbreviations

3RS	Three-Runway System
AAHK	Airport Authority Hong Kong
AECOM	AECOM Asia Company Limited
AFCD	Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department
AIS	Automatic Information System
ANI	Encounter Rate of Number of Dolphins
APM	Automated People Mover
AW	Airport West
BHS	Baggage Handling System
CAP	Contamination Assessment Plan
CAR	Contamination Assessment Report
CTP	Coral Translocation Plan
CWD	Chinese White Dolphin
DCM	Deep Cement Mixing
DEZ	Dolphin Exclusion Zone
DO	Dissolved Oxygen
EAR	Ecological Acoustic Recorder
EIA	Environmental Impact Assessment
EM&A	Environmental Monitoring & Audit
EMIS	Environmental Mitigation Implementation Schedule
EP	Environmental Permit
EPD	Environmental Protection Department
ET	Environmental Team
FCZ	Fish Culture Zone
HKBCF	Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities
HKIA	Hong Kong International Airport
HSF	High Speed Ferry
IEC	Independent Environmental Checker
LKC	Lung Kwu Chau
MMHK	Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited
MMWP	Marine Mammal Watching Plan
MSS	Marine Surveillance System
MTRMP-CAV	Updated Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for Construction and Associated Vessel
NEL	Northeast Lantau
NWL	Northwest Lantau
PAM	Passive Acoustic Monitoring
PVD	Prefabricated Vertical Drain
SC	Sha Chau
SCZ	Speed Control Zone
SCLKCMP	Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park
SS	Suspended Solids
STG	Encounter Rate of Number of Dolphin Sightings
SWL	Southwest Lantau
The Manual	The Updated EM&A Manual
The Project	The Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System
The SkyPier Plan	Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for High Speed Ferries of SkyPier
TSP	Total Suspended Particulates
WL	West Lantau
WMP	Waste Management Plan

Executive Summary

The “Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System” (the Project) serves to meet the future air traffic demands at Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA). On 7 November 2014, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report (Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014) for the Project was approved and an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-489/2014) was issued for the construction and operation of the Project.

This is the 13^th Construction Phase Quarterly EM&A Report for the Project which summarizes the monitoring results and audit findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 January 2019 to 31 March 2019.

Key Activities in the Reporting Period

The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period included reclamation works and land-side works. Reclamation works included deep cement mixing (DCM) works, marine filling, and seawall construction. Land-side works involved mainly foundation and substructure work for Terminal 2 expansion, modification and tunnel work for Automated People Mover (APM) and Baggage Handling System (BHS), and preparation work for utilities, with activities include site establishment, site office construction, road and drainage works, cable ducting, demolition of existing facilities, piling, and excavation works.

EM&A Activities Conducted in the Reporting Period

The EM&A programme was undertaken in accordance with the Manual of the Project. Summary of the monitoring activities during this reporting period is presented as below:

Monitoring Activities	Number of Sessions
1-hour Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) air quality monitoring	96
Noise monitoring	52
Water quality monitoring	39
Vessel line-transect surveys for Chinese White Dolphin (CWD) monitoring	6
Land-based theodolite tracking survey effort for CWD monitoring	9
Terrestrial ecology monitoring	1

Environmental auditing works, including weekly site inspections of construction works conducted by the ET and bi-weekly site inspections conducted by the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC), audit of SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF), audit of construction and associated vessels, and audit of implementation of Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) and Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan, were conducted in the reporting period. Based on information including ET’s observations, records of Marine Surveillance System (MSS), and contractors’ site records, it is noted that environmental pollution control and mitigation measures were properly implemented and construction activities of the Project in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impacts to the sensitive receivers.

Snapshots of Good Environmental Practices in the Reporting Period


Rockfill was reused by contractor for shoreline reinstatement at Sheung Sha Chau	Pre-treatment tanks with coagulant provided to improve silt removal efficiency	Enhanced wheel washing facility adopted by contractor

Key examples of good site practices implemented in the Project are highlighted here:

1. Inert construction waste was reused across work contracts under the Project to reduce the amount of materials being delivered to public fill reception facilities.

2. To cater for certain construction activities that might generate a considerable amount of wastewater, coagulant was added into pre-treatment tanks to improve silt removal efficiency.

3. Enhanced wheel washing facility design was adopted by contractor to prevent silty wash water being carried by dump trucks leaving construction sites.

Summary Findings of the EM&A Programme

The monitoring works for construction dust, construction noise, water quality, construction waste, landscape & visual, terrestrial ecology, and CWD were conducted during the reporting period in accordance with the Manual.

Monitoring results of construction dust, construction noise, construction waste, and CWD monitoring did not trigger the corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period.

The water quality monitoring results for dissolved oxygen (DO), total alkalinity, turbidity, and chromium obtained during the reporting period did not trigger their corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme. Relevant investigation and follow-up actions will be conducted according to the EM&A programme if the corresponding Action and Limit Levels are triggered. For suspended solids (SS) and nickel, some of the testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Levels in the reporting period and corresponding investigations were conducted accordingly. The investigation findings concluded that the cases were not related to the Project. To conclude, the construction activities in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers.

The monthly terrestrial ecology monitoring on Sheung Sha Chau in January 2019 observed that there was no encroachment upon the egretry area nor any significant disturbance to ardeids at Sheung Sha Chau by the works. All the works on Sheung Sha Chau had been completed and retreated on 29 January 2019.

The key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period is summarized as below:

	Yes	No	Details	Analysis / Recommendation / Remedial Actions
Breach of Limit Level^		√	No breach of Limit Level was recorded.	Nil
Breach of Action Level^		√	No breach of Action Level was recorded.	Nil
Complaints Received		√	No construction activities-related complaint was received	Nil
Notification of any summons and status of prosecutions		√	No notification of summons or prosecution were received.	Nil
Changes that affect the EM&A	√		Starting from 5 Jan 2019, two of the water quality sensitive receiver stations were updated.	Nil

Remarks:

^Only triggering of Action or Limit Level found related to Project works is counted as Breach of Action or Limit Level.

1 Introduction

1.1 Background

On 7 November 2014, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report (Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014) for the “Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System” (the Project) was approved and an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-489/2014) was issued for the construction and operation of the Project.

Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) commissioned Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited (MMHK) to undertake the role of Environmental Team (ET) for carrying out the Environmental Monitoring & Audit (EM&A) works during the construction phase of the Project in accordance with the Updated EM&A Manual (the Manual) submitted under EP Condition 3.1 [1]. AECOM Asia Company Limited (AECOM) was employed by AAHK as the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) for the Project.

The Project covers the expansion of the existing airport into a three-runway system (3RS) with key project components comprising land formation of about 650 ha and all associated facilities and infrastructure including taxiways, aprons, aircraft stands, a passenger concourse, an expanded Terminal 2, all related airside and landside works and associated ancillary and supporting facilities. The submarine aviation fuel pipelines and submarine power cables also require diversion as part of the works.

Construction of the Project is to proceed in the general order of diversion of the submarine aviation fuel pipelines, diversion of the submarine power cables, land formation, and construction of infrastructure, followed by construction of superstructures.

The updated overall phasing programme of all construction works was presented in Appendix A of the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 7 and the contract information was presented in Appendix A of the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 38.

1.2 Scope of this Report

This is the 13^th Construction Phase Quarterly EM&A Report for the Project which summarizes the key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 January 2019 to 31 March 2019.

1.3 Project Organisation

The Project’s organisation structure is provided in Appendix A. Contact details of the key personnel have been updated and provided in and Table 1.1.

Table 1.1: Contact Information of Key Personnel

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Project Manager’s Representative (Airport Authority Hong Kong)	Principal Manager, Environment	Lawrence Tsui	2183 2734
Environmental Team (ET) (Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited)	Environmental Team Leader	Terence Kong	2828 5919
	Deputy Environmental Team Leader	Heidi Yu	2828 5704
	Deputy Environmental Team Leader	Daniel Sum	2585 8495
Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) (AECOM Asia Company Limited)	Independent Environmental Checker	Jackel Law	3922 9376
	Deputy Independent Environmental Checker	Roy Man	3922 9141

Advanced Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract P560(R) Aviation Fuel Pipeline Diversion Works (Langfang Huayuan Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Wei Shih	2117 0566
	Environmental Officer	Lyn Liu	5172 6543

Deep Cement Mixing (DCM) Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3201 DCM (Package 1) (Penta-Ocean-China State-Dong-Ah Joint Venture)	Project Director	Tsugunari Suzuki	9178 9689
	Environmental Officer	Hiu Yeung Tang	6329 3513
Contract 3202 DCM (Package 2) (Samsung-BuildKing Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Ilkwon Nam	9643 3117
Contract 3203 DCM (Package 3) (Sambo E&C Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Eric Kan	9014 6758
Contract 3204 DCM (Package 4) (CRBC-SAMBO Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Kyung-Sik Yoo	9683 8697
Contract 3205 DCM (Package 5) (Bachy Soletanche - Sambo Joint Venture)	Deputy Project Director	Min Park	9683 0765
	Environmental	Lawrence Chan	5107 5961

Reclamation Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3206 Main Reclamation Works (ZHEC-CCCC-CDC Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Kim Chuan Lim	3763 1509
	Environmental Officer	Kwai Fung Wong	3763 1452

Airfield Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3301 North Runway Crossover Taxiway (FJT-CHEC-ZHEC Joint Venture)	Deputy Project Director	Kin Hang Chung	9800 0048
	Environmental Officer	Nelson Tam	9721 3942
Contract 3302 Eastern Vehicular Tunnel Advance Works (China Road and Bridge Corporation)	Project Manager	Wan Cheung Lee	6100 6075
	Environmental Officer	Kanny Cho	6381 8171

Third Runway Concourse and Integrated Airport Centres Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3402 New Integrated Airport Centres Enabling Works (Wing Hing Construction Co., Ltd.)	Contract Manager	Michael Kan	9206 0550
	Environmental Officer	Lisa He	5374 3418

Terminal 2 Expansion Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3501 Antenna Farm and Sewage Pumping Station (Build King Construction Ltd.)	Project Manager	Vincent Kwan	9833 1313
	Environmental Officer	Edward Tam	9287 8270
Contract 3502 Terminal 2 APM Depot Modification Works (Build King Construction Ltd.)	Project Manager	David Ng	9010 7871
	Environmental Officer	Chun Pong Chan	9187 7118
Contract 3503 Terminal 2 Foundation and Substructure Works (Leighton – Chun Wo Joint Venture)	Construction Manager	Eric Wu	3973 1718
	Environmental Officer	Stephen Tsang	5508 6361

Automated People Mover (APM) Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3602 Existing APM System Modification Works (Niigata Transys Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Kunihiro Tatecho	9755 0351
	Environmental Officer	Arthur Wong	9170 3394

Baggage Handling System (BHS) Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System (VISH Consortium)	Project Manager	Andy Ng	9102 2739
Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System (VISH Consortium)	Environmental Officer	Eric Ha	9215 3432

Airport Support Infrastructure and Logistic Works:
Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3801 APM and BHS Tunnels on Existing Airport Island (China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Ltd.)	Project Manager	Tony Wong	9642 8672
	Environmental Officer	Fredrick Wong	9842 2703

1.4 Contact information for the Project

The contact information for the Project is provided in Table 1.2. The public can contact us through the following channels if they have any queries and comments on the environmental monitoring data and project related information.

Table 1.2: Contact Information of the Project

Channels	Contact Information
Hotline	3908 0354
Email	env@3rsproject.com
Fax	3747 6050
Postal Address	Airport Authority Hong Kong HKIA Tower 1 Sky Plaza Road Hong Kong International Airport Lantau Hong Kong Attn: Environmental Team Leader Mr Terence Kong c/o Mr Lawrence Tsui (TRD)

1.5 Summary of Construction Works

The locations of the key construction activities are presented in Figure 1.1. Locations of reclamation works area are presented in Figure 1.2.

1.6 Summary of EM&A Programme Requirements

The status for all environmental aspects is presented in Table 1.3. The EM&A requirements remained unchanged during the reporting period.

Table 1.3: Summary of Status for All Environmental Aspects under the Updated EM&A Manual

Parameters	EM&A Requirements	Status
Air Quality
Baseline Monitoring	At least 14 consecutive days before commencement of construction work	The baseline air quality monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	At least 3 times every 6 days	On-going
Noise
Baseline Monitoring	Daily for a period of at least two weeks prior to the commencement of construction works	The baseline noise monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Weekly	On-going
Water Quality
General Baseline Water Quality Monitoring for reclamation, water jetting and field joint works	Three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides, for at least four weeks prior to the commencement of marine works.	The baseline water quality monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
General Impact Water Quality Monitoring for reclamation, water jetting and field joint works	Three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides.	On-going
Initial Intensive Deep Cement Mixing (DCM) Water Quality Monitoring	At least four weeks	The Initial Intensive DCM Monitoring Report was submitted and approved by EPD in accordance with the Detailed Plan on DCM.
Regular DCM Water Quality Monitoring	Three times per week until completion of DCM works.	On-going
Waste Management
Waste Monitoring	At least weekly	On-going
Land Contamination
Supplementary Contamination Assessment Plan (CAP)	At least 3 months before commencement of any soil remediation works.	The Supplementary CAP was submitted and approved by EPD pursuant to EP condition 2.20.
Contamination Assessment Report (CAR) for Golf Course	CAR to be submitted for golf course first; programme for submission of supplementary CAR at the other areas to be agreed.	The CAR for Golf Course was submitted to EPD.
Terrestrial Ecology
Pre-construction Egretry Survey Plan	Once per month in the breeding season between April and July, prior to the commencement of HDD drilling works.	The Egretry Survey Plan was submitted and approved by EPD under EP Condition 2.14.
Ecological Monitoring	Monthly monitoring during the HDD construction works period from August to March.	The terrestrial ecological monitoring at Sheung Sha Chau was completed in January 2019.
Marine Ecology
Pre-Construction Phase Coral Dive Survey	Prior to marine construction works	The Coral Translocation Plan was submitted and approved by EPD under EP Condition 2.12.
Coral Translocation	-	The coral translocation was completed on 5 January 2017.
Post-translocation Monitoring	As per an enhanced monitoring programme based on the Coral Translocation Plan	The post-translocation monitoring programme according to the Coral Translocation Plan was completed in April 2018.
Chinese White Dolphins (CWD)
Baseline Monitoring	6 months of baseline surveys before the commencement of land formation related construction works. Vessel line transect surveys: Two full surveys per month; Land-based theodolite tracking surveys: Two days per month at the Sha Chau station and two days per month at the Lung Kwu Chau station; and Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM): For the whole duration of baseline period.	Baseline CWD results were reported in the CWD Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD in accordance with EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Vessel line transect surveys: Two full surveys per month; Land-based theodolite tracking surveys: One day per month at the Sha Chau station and one day per month at the Lung Kwu Chau station; and PAM: For the whole duration for land formation related construction works.	On-going
Landscape and Visual
Landscape and Visual Plan	At least 3 months before the commencement of construction works on the formed land of the Project.	The Landscape & Visual Plan was submitted to EPD under EP Condition 2.18
Baseline Monitoring	One-off survey within the Project site boundary prior to commencement of any construction works	The baseline landscape & visual monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Weekly	On-going
Environmental Auditing
Regular site inspection	Weekly	On-going
Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF) implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Construction and Associated Vessels implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Complaint Hotline and Email Channel	Construction phase	On-going
Environmental Log Book	Construction phase	On-going

Taking into account the construction works in the reporting period, impact monitoring of air quality, noise, water quality, waste management, terrestrial ecology, landscape & visual, and CWD were carried out in the reporting period. Upon completion of coral translocation in January 2017, a summary of the ensuing post-translocation monitoring is reported quarterly.

The EM&A programme also involved weekly site inspections and related auditing conducted by ET for the checking of implementation of required environmental mitigation measures recommended in the approved EIA Report. To promote the environmental awareness and enhance the environmental performance of the contractors, environmental trainings and regular environmental management meetings were conducted during the reporting period which are summarized as below:

● Six skipper trainings provided by ET;

● Three meetings with High Speed Ferry operators for experience sharing and recommendations to strengthen the implementation of the Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for High Speed Ferries of SkyPier;

● Eighteen environmental management meetings for EM&A review with works contracts;

The EM&A programme has been following the recommendations presented in the approved EIA Report and the Manual. A summary of implementation status of the environmental mitigation measures for the construction phase of the Project during the reporting period is provided in Appendix B.

2 Environmental Monitoring and Auditing

2.1 Air Quality Monitoring

Impact 1-hour Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) monitoring was conducted three times every six days at two representative monitoring stations during the reporting period. The locations of monitoring stations are described in Table 2.1 and presented in Figure 2.1.

2.1.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the air quality monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are provided in Table 2.1 for reference.

Table 2.1: Impact Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Station	Location	Action Level (mg/m³)	Limit Level (mg/m³)
AR1A	Man Tung Road Park	306	500
AR2	Village House at Tin Sum	298	500

2.1.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

The air quality monitoring results in the reporting period are summarized in Table 2.2 and the graphical plot is presented in Appendix C.

Table 2.2: Percentage of Air Quality Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	AR1A	AR2
Jan 2019	100.0%	100.0%
Feb 2019	100.0%	100.0%
Mar 2019	100.0%	100.0%
Overall	100.0%	100.0%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels by the total number of monitoring results.

All monitoring results were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels at all monitoring stations in the reporting period.

General meteorological conditions in the last month of the previous quarter and this reporting period were recorded and summarized in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: General Meteorological Condition During Impact Air Quality Monitoring

	Weather	Dominant Wind Direction
Dec 2018	Sunny to Cloudy	North or Northwest
Jan 2019	Sunny to Cloudy	East
Feb 2019	Sunny to Cloudy	North or East
Mar 2019	Sunny to Cloudy	Southwest

2.1.3 Conclusion

No dust emission source from Project activities was observed during impact air quality monitoring. Major sources of dust observed at the monitoring stations during the monitoring sessions were local air pollution and nearby traffic emissions. It is considered that the monitoring work in the reporting period was effective and there was no adverse impact attributable to the Project activities.

2.2 Noise Monitoring

Impact noise monitoring was conducted at four representative monitoring stations once per week during 0700 and 1900 in the reporting period. The locations of monitoring stations are described in Table 2.4 and presented in Figure 2.1.

2.2.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the noise monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are provided in Table 2.4 for reference.

Table 2.4: Impact Noise Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Station	Location	Action Level	Limit Level
NM1A	Man Tung Road Park	When one documented complaint is received from any one of the sensitive receivers	75 dB(A)
NM4	Ching Chung Hau Po Woon Primary School		65dB(A) / 70 dB(A)⁽ⁱ⁾
NM5	Village House in Tin Sum		75 dB(A)
NM6	House No. 1, Sha Lo Wan		75 dB(A)
Note: ⁽ⁱ⁾ Reduced to 70dB(A) for school and 65dB(A) during school examination periods at NM4. School examination took place from 4 to 10 January and from 22 to 29 March in this reporting period.

2.2.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

The noise monitoring results in the reporting period are summarized in Table 2.5 and the graphical plot is presented in Appendix C.

Table 2.5: Percentage of Noise Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	NM1A	NM4	NM5	NM6
Jan 2019	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
Feb 2019	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
Mar 2019	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
Overall	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels by the total number of monitoring results.

No complaints were received from any sensitive receiver that triggered the Action Level. All monitoring results were also within the corresponding Limit Levels at all monitoring stations in the reporting period.

General meteorological conditions in the last month of the previous quarter and this reporting period were recorded and summarized in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: General Meteorological Condition During Impact Noise Monitoring

	Weather
Dec 2018	Sunny to Cloudy
Jan 2019	Sunny to Cloudy
Feb 2019	Sunny to Cloudy
Mar 2019	Sunny to Cloudy

2.2.3 Conclusion

As the construction activities were far away from the monitoring stations, major sources of noise dominating the monitoring stations observed during the monitoring sessions were road traffic and aircraft noise near NM1A, school activities at NM4, and aircraft and helicopter noise near NM5 and NM6. It is considered that the monitoring work in the reporting period was effective and there was no adverse impact attributable to the Project activities.

2.3 Water Quality Monitoring

During the reporting period, water quality monitoring was conducted three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides, at a total of 23 water quality monitoring stations, comprising 12 impact (IM) stations, 8 sensitive receiver (SR) stations, and 3 control (C) stations in the vicinity of the water quality sensitive receivers around the airport island in accordance with the Manual. The purpose of water quality monitoring at the IM stations is to promptly capture any potential water quality impacts from the Project before the impacts could become apparent at sensitive receivers (represented by the SR stations). Table 2.7 describes the details of the monitoring stations. Figure 2.2a shows the locations of the monitoring stations. The monitoring location for SR1A and SR8 were updated on 5 January 2019. The updated monitoring locations are presented in Figure 2.2b from that day onwards.

Table 2.7: Monitoring Locations and Parameters for Impact Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Station	Description	Coordinates		Parameters
		Easting	Northing
C1	Control Station	804247	815620	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS DCM Parameters Total Alkalinity, Heavy Metals⁽²⁾
C2	Control Station	806945	825682
C3⁽³⁾	Control Station	817803	822109
IM1	Impact Station	807132	817949
IM2	Impact Station	806166	818163
IM3	Impact Station	805594	818784
IM4	Impact Station	804607	819725
IM5	Impact Station	804867	820735
IM6	Impact Station	805828	821060
IM7	Impact Station	806835	821349
IM8	Impact Station	808140	821830
IM9	Impact Station	808811	822094
IM10	Impact Station	809794	822385
IM11	Impact Station	811460	822057
IM12	Impact Station	812046	821459
SR1A⁽¹⁾	Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HKBCF) Seawater Intake for cooling	812586	820069	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS
SR1A⁽¹⁾		812660 (From 5 Jan 2019 onwards)	819977
SR2⁽³⁾	Planned marine park / hard corals at The Brothers / Tai Mo To	814166	821463	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS DCM Parameters Total Alkalinity, Heavy Metals⁽²⁾⁽⁴⁾
SR3	Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park / fishing and spawning grounds in North Lantau	807571	822147	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS
SR4A	Sha Lo Wan	807810	817189
SR5A	San Tau Beach SSSI	810696	816593
SR6	Tai Ho Bay, Near Tai Ho Stream SSSI	814663	817899
SR7	Ma Wan Fish Culture Zone (FCZ)	823742	823636
SR8⁽⁵⁾	Seawater Intake for cooling at Hong Kong International Airport (East)	811418	820246
SR8⁽⁵⁾		811623 (From 5 Jan 2019 onwards)	820390

Notes:

(1) With the operation of HKBCF, water quality monitoring at SR1A station was commenced on 25 October 2018.

(2) Details of selection criteria for the two heavy metals for regular DCM monitoring refer to the Detailed Plan on Deep Cement Mixing available on the dedicated 3RS website (http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/ep-submissions.html). DCM specific water quality monitoring parameters (total alkalinity and heavy metals) were only conducted at C1 to C3, SR2, and IM1 to IM12.

(3) According to the Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report, C3 station is not adequately representative as a control station of impact/ SR stations during the flood tide. The control reference has been changed from C3 to SR2 from 1 September 2016 onwards.

(4) Total alkalinity and heavy metals results are collected at SR2 as a control station for regular DCM monitoring.

(5) The monitoring location for SR8 is subject to further changes due to silt curtain arrangements and the progressive relocation of this seawater intake.

2.3.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are presented in Table 2.8. The control and IM stations during flood tide and ebb tide for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring are presented in Table 2.9.

Table 2.8: Action and Limit Levels for General Water Quality Monitoring and Regular DCM Monitoring

Parameters	Action Level		Limit Level
Action and Limit Levels for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring (excluding SR1A & SR8)
DO in mg/L (Surface, Middle & Bottom)	Surface and Middle 4.5 mg/L		Surface and Middle 4.1 mg/L 5 mg/L for Fish Culture Zone (SR7) only
DO in mg/L (Surface, Middle & Bottom)	Bottom 3.4 mg/L		Bottom 2.7 mg/L
SS in mg/L	23	or 120% of upstream control station at the same tide of the same day, whichever is higher	37	or 130% of upstream control station at the same tide of the same day, whichever is higher
Turbidity in NTU	22.6		36.1
Total Alkalinity in ppm	95		99
Representative Heavy Metals for regular DCM monitoring (Chromium)	0.2		0.2
Representative Heavy Metals for regular DCM monitoring (Nickel)	3.2		3.6
Action and Limit Levels SR1A
SS (mg/l)	33		42
Action and Limit Levels SR8
SS (mg/l)	52		60

Notes:

1. For DO measurement, Action or Limit Level is triggered when monitoring result is lower than the limits.

2. For parameters other than DO, Action or Limit Level of water quality results is triggered when monitoring results is higher than the limits.

3. Depth-averaged results are used unless specified otherwise.

4. Details of selection criteria for the two heavy metals for regular DCM monitoring refer to the Detailed Plan on Deep Cement Mixing available on the dedicated 3RS website http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/ep-submissions.html)

5. The Action and Limit Levels for the two representative heavy metals chosen will be the same as that for the intensive DCM monitoring.

Table 2.9: The Control and Impact Stations during Flood Tide and Ebb Tide for General Water Quality Monitoring and Regular DCM Monitoring

Control Station	Impact Stations
Flood Tide
C1	IM1, IM2, IM3, IM4, IM5, IM6, IM7, IM8, SR3
SR2¹	IM7, IM8, IM9, IM10, IM11, IM12, SR1A, SR3, SR4A, SR5A, SR6, SR8
Ebb Tide
C1	SR4A, SR5A, SR6
C2	IM1, IM2, IM3, IM4, IM5, IM6, IM7, IM8, IM9, IM10, IM11, IM12, SR1A, SR2, SR3, SR7, SR8

Note:

1. As per findings of Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report, the control reference has been changed from C3 to SR2 from 1 Sep 2016 onwards.

2.3.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

The summary or results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period are presented in Table 2.10. The weather and sea conditions in the last month of the previous quarter and this reporting period were recorded and summarized in Table 2.11.

Table 2.10: Percentage of Water Quality Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	General Water Quality Monitoring				Regular DCM Monitoring
	DO (Surface and Middle)	DO (Bottom)	SS	Turbidity	Alkalinity	Chromium	Nickel
Jan 2019	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	99.7%
Feb 2019	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	98.6%
Mar 2019	100.0%	100.0%	99.0%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	99.7%
Overall	100.0%	100.0%	99.7%	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	99.4%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of depth-averaged results complying with their corresponding Action and Limit Levels by the total number of depth-averaged results.

Table 2.11: General Weather Condition and Sea Condition During Impact Water Quality Monitoring

	Weather	Sea Condition
Dec 2018	Sunny to Cloudy	Calm to Rough
Jan 2019	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Feb 2019	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Mar 2019	Sunny to Cloudy	Calm to Rough

The monitoring results for DO, turbidity, total alkalinity, and chromium obtained in the reporting period were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme. Relevant investigation and follow-up actions will be conducted according to the EM&A programme if the corresponding Action and Limit Levels are triggered. For SS and nickel, some of the testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Level in the reporting period, and investigations were conducted accordingly.

Summaries of results triggering Action or Limit Level for SS and nickel are presented in Table 2.12 to Table 2.13.

Details of the investigation findings were presented in Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 37, 38 and 39, which concluded that all results triggering the Action or Limit Level were not related to the Project.

Table 2.12: Summary of SS Results Triggering Action or Limit Level (Mid-Flood Tide)

	IM1	IM2	IM3	IM4	IM5	IM6	IM7	IM8	IM9	IM10	IM11	IM12	SR1A	SR3	SR4A	SR5A	SR6	SR7	SR8
23/3/2019					D					D
No. of result triggering Action or Limit Level	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0

Table 2.13: Summary of Nickel Results Triggering Action or Limit Level (Mid-Flood Tide)

IM1

IM2

IM3

IM4

IM5

IM6

IM7

IM8

IM9

IM10

IM11

IM12

15/1/2019

9/2/2019

12/3/2019

No. of result triggering Action or Limit Level

Note: The monitoring results on monitoring dates not presented in the above tables did not trigger their corresponding Action or Limit Levels. Detailed results are presented in Appendix C.

Legend:
	Result within corresponding Action and Limit Levels
	Result triggered the Action Level at monitoring station located upstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
D	Result triggered the Action Level at monitoring station located downstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
D	Result triggered the Limit Level at monitoring station located downstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
	Upstream station with respect to the Project during the respective tide based on dominant tidal flow
	Downstream station with respect to the Project during the respective tide based on dominant tidal flow

2.3.3 Conclusion

In the reporting period, it is noted that most monitoring results were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels, while minor number of results triggered their corresponding Action or Limit Level, and investigations were conducted accordingly. Based on the findings presented in Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 37, 38 and 39, all cases that triggered the corresponding Action or Limit Level were not related to the Project; hence, the Project did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers. All required actions under the Event and Action Plan were followed.

Nevertheless, the non-project related triggers were attended to and initiated corresponding action and measures. As part of the EM&A programme, the construction methods and mitigation measures for water quality will continue to be monitored and opportunities for further enhancement will continue to be explored and implemented where possible, to strive for better protection of water quality and the marine environment.

In the meantime, the contractors were reminded to implement and maintain all mitigation measures during weekly site inspections and regular environmental management meetings. These include maintaining mitigation measures properly for reclamation works including DCM works, marine filling, and seawall construction as recommended in the Manual.

2.4 Waste Monitoring

In accordance with the Manual, waste generated from construction activities was audited once per week to determine if wastes were being managed in accordance with the Waste Management Plan (WMP) prepared for the Project, contract-specific WMP, and any statutory and contractual requirements. All aspects of waste management including waste generation, storage, transportation, and disposal were assessed during the audits.

2.4.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the construction waste are provided in Table 2.14.

Table 2.14: Action and Limit Levels for Construction Waste

Monitoring Stations	Action Level	Limit Level
Construction Area	When one valid documented complaint is received	Non-compliance of the WMP, contract-specific WMPs, any statutory and contractual requirements

2.4.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

Weekly monitoring of the Project construction works was carried out by the ET in the reporting period to check and monitor the implementation of proper waste management practices.

Recommendations made by the ET included provision and maintenance of proper chemical waste storage area, as well as handling, segregation, and regular disposal of general refuse. The contractors had taken actions to implement the recommended measures.

Based on updated contractors’ information, summary of construction waste generated in the reporting period is presented in Table 2.15.

There were no complaints, non-compliance of the WMP, contract-specific WMPs, statutory and contractual requirements that triggered Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period.

Table 2.15: Construction Waste Statistics

	C&D¹ Material Stockpiled for Reuse or Recycle (m³)	C&D Material Reused in the Project (m³)	C&D Material Reused in other Projects (m³)	C&D Material Transferred to Public Fill (m³)	Chemical Waste (kg)	Chemical Waste (L)	General Refuse (tonne)
Jan 2019²	5,675	9,430	618	11,417	1,385	35,420	319
Feb 2019²	3,329	13,262	446	5,833	255	21,800	317
Mar 2019²	4,516	10,056	6,903	6,780	240	18,400	362
Total	13,520	32,748	7,967	24,030	1,880	75,620	998
	Notes: 1. C&D refers to Construction and Demolition. 2. Paper, metals and/or plastics were recycled in the reporting period.

2.5 Chinese White Dolphin Monitoring

CWD monitoring was conducted by vessel line transect survey at a frequency of two full surveys per month, supplemented by land-based theodolite tracking survey and PAM. The frequency of the land-based theodolite tracking survey during the construction phase was one day per month at both Sha Chau (SC) and Lung Kwu Chau (LKC) stations as stipulated in the Manual. Since January 2019, additional theodolite tracking surveys for one day at LKC station was conducted on a voluntary basis to collect supplementary information for the Project, such that a total of one tracking day at SC station and two tracking days at LKC station were conducted per month. The vessel survey transects followed the transect lines proposed in the Manual and are consistent with those used in the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) long-term CWD monitoring programme. The transect locations of CWD monitoring by vessel line transect survey conducted from January to March 2019 are shown in Figure 2.3, whilst the land-based theodolite tracking survey stations are described in Table 2.16 and depicted in Figure 2.4. The location of the PAM device is shown in Figure 2.10.

Table 2.16: Land-based Theodolite Tracking Survey Station Details

Stations	Location	Geographical Coordinates	Station Height (m)	Approximate Tracking Distance (km)
D	Sha Chau (SC)	22° 20’ 43.5” N 113° 53’ 24.66” E	45.66	2
E	Lung Kwu Chau (LKC)	22° 22’ 44.83” N 113° 53’ 0.2” E	70.40	3

Stations

Location

Geographical Coordinates

Station Height (m)

Approximate Tracking Distance (km)

Sha Chau (SC)

22° 20’ 43.5” N

113° 53’ 24.66” E

45.66

Lung Kwu Chau (LKC)

22° 22’ 44.83” N

113° 53’ 0.2” E

70.40

2.5.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action Level and Limit Level for CWD monitoring were formulated by an action response approach using the running quarterly dolphin encounter rates (STG and ANI) derived from baseline monitoring data, as presented in the CWD Baseline Monitoring Report. The derived values of Action and Limit Levels for CWD monitoring are shown in Table 2.17.

Table 2.17: Derived Values of Action Level and Limit Level for Chinese White Dolphin Monitoring

	NEL, NWL, AW, WL and SWL as a Whole
Action Level	Running quarterly STG < 1.86 & ANI < 9.35
Limit Level	Two consecutive running quarterly (3-month) STG < 1.86 & ANI < 9.35

2.5.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

2.5.2.1 Vessel Line Transect Survey

Survey Effort

During the January to March 2019 reporting period, a total of six sets of vessel line transect survey covering all transects in Northeast Lantau (NEL), Northwest Lantau (NWL), Airport West (AW), West Lantau (WL) and Southwest Lantau (SWL) survey areas were conducted at a frequency of twice per month, in each survey area.

A total of around 1,365 km of survey effort was collected from these surveys, with around 90.5% of the total survey effort being conducted under favourable weather condition (i.e. Beaufort Sea State 3 or below with favourable visibility). Details of the survey effort data are presented in Appendix C.

CWD Sighting

From January to March 2019, there were a total of 25 sightings of CWDs, with 78 dolphins sighted (Table 2.18). Amongst the sightings of CWDs, 24 sightings with 70 dolphins were made during on-effort searches under favourable weather conditions.

When breaking down the sightings by survey areas, 6 sightings with 19 dolphins, 16 sightings with 45 dolphins and 3 sightings with 14 dolphins were recorded in NWL (including AW transects), WL and SWL survey areas respectively during the current reporting period. No CWD was sighted in NEL.

Compared with the last quarter (i.e. October to December 2018), there is an overall observable decline in terms of both number of CWD sightings and number of dolphins (decreased by around 40% and 44% respectively). Both WL and NWL waters showed observable decline in terms of both number of CWD sightings and number of dolphins (WL waters: decreased by around 33% and 49% respectively; NWL waters (including AW transects): decreased by around 50% and 46% respectively). Regarding SWL, the number of CWD sighting decreased by 40% compared with the last quarter while the number of dolphins remained similar.

Compared with the same quarter of last year in 2018 (i.e. January to March 2018), the declines in number of CWD sightings and number of dolphins are both by 62%. The decrease is most pronounced in NWL waters (including AW transects) with the number of CWD sightings and number of dolphins dropped by around 79% and 78% respectively. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that the numbers of sightings and dolphins in NWL waters in the same quarter of 2018 increased by over three times compared with 2017 (7 sightings and 21 dolphins including AW transects) as presented in Section 2.5.2 of the Construction Phase Quarterly EM&A Report No. 9. The CWD sightings recorded for NWL waters in this reporting period is similar to that in the same quarter of 2017 despite the increase in marine works in this quarter compared with the same quarter of 2017. It is important to note that dolphins move around within their habitat across the Pearl River Estuary Region due to both natural and anthropogenic factors and thus there is possible fluctuations of CWD numbers from year to year.

Table 2.18 below shows the comparison of the numbers of sightings and dolphins amongst the current reporting period, last quarter, and the same quarter of year 2018.

Table 2.18: Summary of Number of CWD Sightings and Number of Dolphins for the Same Quarter Last Year, Previous Quarter, and Current Reporting Period

	Same Quarter of Last Year	Previous Reporting Period	Current Reporting Period
	January to March 2018	October to December 2018	January to March 2019
NEL	0 (0)	1 (1)	0 (0)
NWL	23 (63)	12 (35)	4 (9)
AW	6 (22)	0 (0)	2 (10)
WL	28 (99)	24 (89)	16 (45)
SWL	8 (19)	5 (15)	3 (14)
Total	65 (203)	42 (140)	25 (78)

Note: Values in ( ) represent number of dolphins

The distribution of CWD sightings recorded from January to March 2019 is illustrated in Figure 2.5. In NWL, CWD sightings were located outside the northeastern corner of SCLKCMP and also at the waters western to the Hong Kong International Airport with two sightings being recorded just outside the temporary works area of the 3RS Project. In WL, CWD sightings were more frequented in the northern part of the survey area while some sightings scattered from Tai O to the waters between Peaked Hill and Fan Lau. In SWL, the limited CWD sightings were all located toward the western side of the survey area. Details of the sighting data are presented in Appendix C.

Figure 2.5: Sightings Distribution of Chinese White Dolphins from January to March 2019

Remarks: Please note that there are 25 pink circles on the map indicating the sighting locations of CWD. Some of them were very close to each other and therefore appear overlapped on this sighting distribution map.

Encounter Rate

The dolphin encounter rates for the number of on-effort dolphin sightings per 100 km survey effort (STG) and for the total on-effort number of dolphins per 100 km survey effort (ANI) in the whole survey area (i.e. NEL, NWL, AW, WL and SWL) for January, February and March 2019 are summarized in Table 2.19.

In this reporting period, both the monthly STG and ANI decreased from January to February but rebounded in March. The running quarterly STG and ANI encounter rates declined from January to February and reminded relatively steady in March. Although the running quarterly ANIs of three consecutive months from January to March 2019 fell below the action level (i.e. ANI < 9.35), however the action level for CWD monitoring was not triggered as the running quarterly STGs in this reporting quarter remained above the action level (i.e. STG ≥ 1.86). Therefore, the action level (running quarterly STG < 1.86 & ANI < 9.35) was not triggered.

Compared with the previous reporting period, there are significant declines in terms of both running quarterly STG and running quarterly ANI (STG decreased from 3.16 to 1.94 and the ANI from 10.36 to 5.67). While comparing with the same quarter of last year (i.e. January to March 2018), both running quarterly STG and ANI in each month were all significantly lower than the same period in 2018. However, it should be noted that the STG and ANI in this period in 2018 was an exception compared with the past years as discussed in Section 2.5.2 of the Construction Phase Annual EM&A Report No. 3. As aforementioned the numbers of CWD encountered in NWL waters in this reporting period being similar to that in the same quarter of 2017 despite the increase in marine works, there is no obvious relationship between 3RS marine works activities and the decrease of running quarterly encounter rates in this reporting period.

Table 2.19: Summary of Monthly and Running Quarterly STG and ANI of Chinese White Dolphin for the Same Quarter Last Year, Previous Quarter, and Current Reporting Period

	Same Quarter of Last Year			Previous Reporting Period			Current Reporting Period
	Jan 18	Feb 18	Mar 18	Oct 18	Nov 18	Dec 18	Jan 19	Feb 19	Mar 19
Monthly STG	5.10	5.38	3.84	3.07	4.85	1.67	2.47	1.47	1.89
Monthly ANI	19.94	16.15	10.33	8.97	14.28	8.10	5.69	3.43	7.81
Running Quarterly STG	4.27	5.27	4.78	4.19	4.29	3.16	2.96	1.87	1.94
Running Quarterly ANI	16.27	18.89	15.52	13.71	13.19	10.36	9.29	5.76	5.67

Note: For detailed calculations of encounter rates STG and ANI, please refer to the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 37, 38 and 39.

Group Size

Between January and March 2019, the group size of CWD sightings ranged from 1 to 11 dolphins. The average group size of CWDs was 3.1 dolphins per group while that of the last quarter was 3.3, which is quite similar. The average group size of CWDs in this reporting quarter is also similar to that of the same quarter of last year (3.2 dolphins per group).

In this reporting quarter, the numbers of CWD sightings with small group size (i.e. 1-2 dolphins) was dominant. Amongst all 25 sightings, there was one sighting with large group size (i.e. 10 or more dolphins). This large CWD group was sighted in WL. Sighting locations of CWD groups with different group sizes are depicted in Figure 2.6.

In NWL, medium-sized CWD groups (i.e. 3-9 dolphins) tended to appear in the waters west to the existing HKIA according to the limited sightings. In WL, CWD sightings with medium group size were recorded in the waters around Tai O the while small-sized groups were scattered throughout the survey area. The larger CWD group encountered in WL was recorded in waters between Tai O and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Link Road. In SWL, all sightings restricted to western side of the survey area.

Figure 2.6: Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins with Different Group Sizes

Remarks: Please note that there are 25 circles on the map indicating the sighting locations of CWD. Some of them were very close to each other and therefore appear overlapped on this sighting distribution map.

Activities and Association with Fishing Boats

During January to March 2019, 8 sightings of CWDs were recorded with feeding activities. One of these sightings was observed in association with operating gillnetter.

The number of sightings with feeding recorded in the current reporting period is slightly lower when compared to the last reporting period (10 sightings involved feeding activities with no association with operating fishing boats from October to December 2018). Compared with the data in the same quarter of last year, CWD sightings with feeding activities decreased drastically by 11 sightings.

The sighting locations of CWDs engaged in different behaviours during the current reporting period are illustrated in Figure 2.7.

Figure 2.7: Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins Engaged in Different Behaviours

Mother-calf Pairs

From January to March 2019, 3 sightings of CWDs were recorded with the presence of mother-and-unspotted calf and mother-and-unspotted juvenile, which is fewer than the last reporting quarter (i.e. 6 sightings between October and December 2018). The number is also lower than the same quarter of last year (i.e. 9 sightings between January and March 2018). These pairs were sighted in NWL and WL survey areas as shown in Figure 2.8.

Figure 2.8: Sighting Locations of Mother-calf Pairs

Photo Identification

During January to March 2019, a total number of 47 different CWD individuals were identified altogether for 59 times. Re-sighting information of CWD individuals provides an initial idea of their range use and apparent connection between different areas around Lantau. Amongst these 47 different CWD individuals, 11 animals (i.e. NLMM019, NLMM020, SLMM002, SLMM003, SLMM007, SLMM010, SLMM012, SLMM052, WLMM001, WLMM056 and WLMM067) were sighted for more than once.

Five individuals including SLMM003, SLMM012, SLMM052, WLMM056 and WLMM067 were re-sighted in different survey areas during this reporting period. They had cross-area movement between SWL and WL survey areas. The most frequently re-sighted individual in this reporting quarter was WLMM067 which has been encountered altogether 3 times. The number of re-sighted CWD individuals and the number of CWD individuals showing cross-area movement from January to March 2019 were both lower than the last reporting quarter.

A summary of photo identification works is presented in Table 2.20. Representative photos of the 47 identified individuals and figures depicting the sighting locations of the aforementioned 11 re-sighted individuals recorded in this reporting period are presented Appendix C.

Table 2.20: Summary of Photo Identification

Individual ID	Date of sighting	Sighting Group No.	Area	Individual ID	Date of sighting	Sighting Group No.	Area
NLMM002	11-Feb-19	1	NWL	WLMM007	22-Jan-19	4	SWL
NLMM009	11-Feb-19	1	NWL	WLMM019	12-Mar-19	3	WL
NLMM016	28-Jan-19	1	WL	WLMM027	25-Mar-19	1	WL
NLMM019	24-Jan-19	1	AW	WLMM028	24-Jan-19	4	WL
	13-Feb-19	1	AW	WLMM029	24-Jan-19	4	WL
NLMM020	24-Jan-19	1	AW	WLMM042	12-Mar-19	3	WL
	13-Feb-19	1	AW	WLMM052	12-Mar-19	3	WL
NLMM043	13-Feb-19	1	AW	WLMM056	22-Jan-19	4	SWL
NLMM056	12-Mar-19	3	WL		13-Feb-19	2	WL
NLMM060	12-Mar-19	2	WL	WLMM060	13-Mar-19	1	NWL
NLMM062	17-Jan-19	1	NWL	WLMM062	12-Mar-19	2	WL
NLMM063	24-Jan-19	4	WL	WLMM064	17-Jan-19	1	NWL
SLMM002	21-Jan-19	2	SWL	WLMM067	21-Jan-19	2	SWL
	22-Jan-19	4	SWL		12-Mar-19	3	WL
SLMM003	22-Jan-19	4	SWL		25-Mar-19	1	WL
	12-Mar-19	5	WL	WLMM069	24-Jan-19	5	WL
SLMM007	21-Jan-19	2	SWL	WLMM071	13-Mar-19	1	NWL
	22-Jan-19	4	SWL	WLMM078	24-Jan-19	3	WL
SLMM010	24-Jan-19	6	WL	WLMM079	22-Jan-19	4	SWL
	13-Feb-19	3	WL	WLMM085	12-Mar-19	3	WL
SLMM011	13-Feb-19	1	AW	WLMM113	25-Mar-19	1	WL
SLMM012	22-Jan-19	4	SWL	WLMM114	12-Mar-19	4	WL
	13-Feb-19	2	WL	WLMM116	12-Mar-19	1	WL
SLMM052	22-Jan-19	4	SWL	WLMM131	12-Mar-19	5	WL
	25-Mar-19	1	WL	WLMM132	24-Jan-19	5	WL
SLMM053	21-Jan-19	2	SWL	WLMM133	12-Mar-19	2	WL
SLMM058	25-Mar-19	1	WL	WLMM134	12-Mar-19	3	WL
SLMM064	12-Mar-19	3	WL	WLMM135	12-Mar-19	3	WL
WLMM001	24-Jan-19	4	WL	WLMM136	12-Mar-19	3	WL
	28-Jan-19	1	WL

2.5.2.2 Land-based Theodolite Tracking Survey

Survey Effort

During January to March 2019, a total of nine days of land-based theodolite tracking survey effort were completed, including six days on Lung Kwu Chau and three days on Sha Chau. In total, 10 CWD groups were tracked from the Lung Kwu Chau station while no CWD groups were tracked from the Sha Chau station, with an overall 0.19 CWD groups sighted per survey hour.

Information on survey effort and CWD groups sighted during land-based theodolite tracking surveys are presented in Table 2.21. Details on the survey effort and CWD groups tracked are presented in Appendix C. The first sighting locations of CWD groups tracked between January and March 2019 are shown in Figure 2.9.

Table 2.21: Summary of Survey Effort and CWD Group of Land-based Theodolite Tracking Survey

Land-based Station	# of Survey Sessions	Survey Effort (hh:mm)	# CWD Groups Sighted	CWD Group Sighting per Survey Hour
January 2019
Lung Kwu Chau	2	12:00	3	0.25
Sha Chau	1	06:00	0	0
TOTAL	3	18:00	3	0.17
February 2019
Lung Kwu Chau	2	12:00	4	0.33
Sha Chau	1	06:00	0	0
TOTAL	3	18:00	4	0.22
March 2019
Lung Kwu Chau	2	12:00	3	0.25
Sha Chau	1	06:00	0	0
TOTAL	3	18:00	3	0.17
OVERALL	9	54:00	10	0.19

Figure 2.9: Plots of First Sightings of All CWD Groups from Land-based Stations

Remarks: Please note that there are 10 green circles on the map indicating the first sighting locations of CWD groups tracked off Lung Kwu Chau. Some of them were very close to each other and therefore appear overlapped on this map.

2.5.2.3 Progress Update on PAM

An Ecological Acoustic Recorder (EAR) has been deployed and positioned to the south of Sha Chau Island inside the SCLKCMP (Figure 2.10) with 20% duty cycle, while data from the EAR intended primarily to supplement the data collected from the land-based theodolite tracking survey station on Sha Chau. In this reporting period, the EAR has been retrieved on 9 January and 21 February 2019 for data collection and subsequently redeployed. The EAR deployment is generally for 6 weeks prior to data retrieval for analysis. As the period of data collection and analysis takes more than four months, PAM results could not be reported in quarterly intervals but report for supplementing the annual CWD monitoring analysis.

2.5.2.4 Site Audit for CWD-related Mitigation Measures

During the reporting period, silt curtains were in place by the contractors for marine filling works, in which dolphin observers were deployed by each contractor in accordance with the Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP). Teams of at least two dolphin observers were deployed at 5 to 17 dolphin observation stations by the contractors for continuous monitoring of the DEZ by all contractors for DCM works and seawall construction in accordance with the DEZ Plan. Trainings for the proposed dolphin observers on the implementation of MMWP and DEZ monitoring were provided by the ET prior to the aforementioned works, with a cumulative total of 677 individuals being trained and the training records kept by the ET. From the contractors’ MMWP observation records and DEZ monitoring records, no dolphin or other marine mammals were observed within or around the silt curtains or the DEZ in this reporting period. The contractors’ records were also audited by the ET during site inspection.

Audits of acoustic decoupling for construction vessels were carried out during weekly site inspection and summarized in Section 2.6. Summary of audits of SkyPier HSFs route diversion and speed control and construction vessel management are presented in Section 2.8 and Section 2.9 respectively.

2.6 Environmental Site Inspection

Site inspections of the construction works were carried out on a weekly basis to monitor the implementation of proper environmental pollution control and mitigation measures for the Project. Bi-weekly site inspections were also conducted by the IEC. Besides, ad-hoc site inspections were conducted by ET and IEC if environmental problems were identified, or subsequent to receipt of an environmental complaint, or as part of the investigation work. These site inspections provided a direct means to reinforce the specified environmental protection requirements and pollution control measures in construction sites.

During site inspections, environmental situation, status of implementation of pollution control and mitigation measures were observed. Environmental documents and site records, including waste disposal record, maintenance record of environmental equipment, and relevant environmental permit and licences, were also checked on-site. Observations were recorded in the site inspection checklist and passed to the contractor together with the appropriate recommended mitigation measures where necessary in order to advise contractors on environmental improvement, awareness and on-site enhancement measures. The observations were made with reference to the following information during the site inspections:

· The EIA and EM&A requirements;

· Relevant environmental protection laws, guidelines, and practice notes;

· The EP conditions and other submissions under the EP;

· Monitoring results of EM&A programme;

· Works progress and programme;

· Proposal of individual works;

· Contract specifications on environmental protection; and

· Previous site inspection results.

Good site practices were implemented in the project to enhance environmental performance. Key examples are highlighted here:

1. In order to reduce the amount of inert C&D materials being delivered to public fill reception facilities at source, the contractors were encouraged to reuse excavated materials as far as practicable. Not only were these materials reused within each work contract, some contractors also collected inert C&D materials generated from other works contracts, within or outside the Project, for reuse after seeking agreement with AAHK. For instance, rockfill generated within and outside the Project was collected for reuse in shoreline reinstatement after the completion of the new aviation fuel pipeline installation at Sheung Sha Chau. By better planning and overview of waste management across different works contracts at a Project level, public fill disposal could be minimized during the construction phase.

2. Some construction activities such as piling works could generate a considerable amount of wastewater. Handling these amounts of wastewater could impose a challenge to some construction sites. In order to meet the water quality conditions of the Water Pollution Control Ordinance license prior to discharging, various treatment facilities were deployed on site to treat the construction wastewater. For some work contracts, pre-treatment tanks were provided to increase retention time and coagulant was added to enhance the removal efficiency of suspended solid. This would reduce the load to downstream wastewater treatment system and hence the overall efficiency of the sedimentation systems on site could be improved.

3. According to Air Pollution Control (Construction Dust) Regulation, every vehicle of the Project was washed to remove any dusty materials from its body and wheels before leaving the construction site. To further improve the environmental performance of the wheel washing facility, one contractor adopted enhanced design for their wheel washing facilities, which featured a basin setup that could immediately drain off the silty water generated from wheel washing. With this setup, the wash water could be collected for treatment and reused without being carried by the dump truck to public area.


Rockfill was reused by contractor for shoreline reinstatement at Sheung Sha Chau	Pre-treatment tanks with coagulant provided to improve silt removal efficiency	Enhanced wheel washing facility adopted by contractor

Besides, advices were given when necessary to ensure the construction workforce were familiar with relevant procedures, and to maintain good environmental performance on site. Regular toolbox talks on environmental issues were organized for the construction workforce by the contractors to ensure understanding and proper implementation of environmental protection and pollution control mitigation measures.

During the reporting period, implementation of recommended landscape and visual mitigation measures (CM1 – CM10) where applicable was monitored weekly in accordance with the Manual and no non-conformity was recorded. In case of non-conformity, specific recommendations will be made, and actions will be proposed according to the Event and Action Plan. The monitoring status is summarized in Appendix B.

A summary of implementation status of the environmental mitigation measures for the construction phase of the Project during the reporting period is provided in Appendix B.

2.7 Terrestrial Ecological Monitoring

Monthly ecological monitoring was carried out in January 2019 on Sheung Sha Chau Island in accordance with the Manual. No encroachment of any works upon the egretry area nor any significant disturbance to the ardeids foraging at Sheung Sha Chau by the works were recorded during ecological monitoring. No signs of breeding or nursery activities were observed. At the HDD daylighting location, neither nest nor breeding activity of ardeids were found during the monthly ecological monitoring and weekly site inspections in January 2019. The site photos and location map regarding the ecological monitoring for HDD daylighting location and egretry area are provided in Appendix C for reference. All the HDD construction including shoreline landscape reinstatement works on Sheung Sha Chau was completed and retreated on 29 January 2019. Therefore, terrestrial ecological monitoring had been ceased since February 2019.

2.8 Audit of SkyPier High Speed Ferries

In total, 2,338 ferry movements between HKIA SkyPier and Zhuhai / Macau were audited in the reporting period. The daily movements of all SkyPier HSFs in the reporting period ranged between 82 and 94, which fell within the maximum daily cap number of 125.

The average speeds of all HSFs travelling through the Speed Control Zone (SCZ) ranged from 9.0 to 14.4 knots. All HSFs travelled through the SCZ with average speed within 15 knots in compliance with the Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for High Speed Ferries of SkyPier (the SkyPier Plan).

Four ferry movements were recorded with minor deviations from the diverted route. Notices of deviation were sent to the ferry operators and the cases were investigated. All the cases involved giving way to other vessels to ensure public safety, and the HSFs returned to the normal route following the SkyPier Plan as soon as practicable after the incidents. The summary of the SkyPier Plan monitoring result is presented in Graph 3.

Insufficient AIS data cases were received from some HSFs during the reporting period. After investigation, it was found that AIS data for the concerned ferries were missing due to signal interference as reported by the ferry operators after checking the condition of the AIS transponders. Vessel captains were requested to provide the radar track photos which indicated the vessels entered the SCZ through the gate access points and there was no speeding in the SCZ. Ferry operators’ explanations were accepted.

Graph 3: Summary of SkyPier High Speed Ferries Monitoring Results

2.9 Audit of Construction and Associated Vessels

On the implementation of the updated Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for Construction and Associated Vessels (MTRMP-CAV), the Marine Surveillance System (MSS) automatically recorded deviation cases such as speeding, entering no entry zone, and not traveling through the designated gates. ET conducted bi-weekly audit of relevant information including AIS data, vessel tracks and other relevant records to ensure sufficient information were provided by the system and the contractors complied with the requirements of the MTRMP-CAV. The contactors submitted endorsed 3-month rolling vessel plans for construction vessel activities to AAHK in order to help maintain the number of construction vessels to a practicable minimum. The IEC also performed audit on the compliance of the requirements as part of the EM&A programme.

During the reporting period, deviations including speeding in the works area, entry from non-designated gates, and entering no-entry zones were identified. All the concerned captains were reminded by the contractor’s MTCC representative to comply with the requirements of the MTRMP-CAV.

A total of six skipper training workshops were held by ET during the reporting period with 15 concerned captains of construction vessels associated with the 3RS contracts to familiarise them with the predefined routes, general education on local cetaceans, guidelines for avoiding adverse water quality impact, the required environmental practices / measures while operating construction and associated vessels under the Project, and guidelines for operating vessels safely in the presence of CWDs. Another 14 skipper training workshops were held with 28 captains by contractors’ Environmental Officers and competency tests were conducted subsequently with the trained captains by ET.

2.10 Coral Post-Translocation Monitoring

In accordance with the approved Coral Translocation Plan (CTP), gorgonian corals suitable for translocation were translocated to the recipient site at Yam Tsai Wan (YTW), with translocation completed in January 2017. Since then the post-translocation monitoring programme has been undertaken and was completed in April 2018. Two additional monitoring surveys (beyond the CTP requirement) scheduled in October 2018 and April 2019 were proposed in the Detailed Coral Translocation Report. Results of the former additional monitoring survey were presented in Section 2.10 of the Construction Phase Quarterly EM&A Report No. 12 and results for the latter will be presented in the next Quarterly EM&A Report.

2.11 Review of the Key Assumptions Adopted in the EIA Report

With reference to Appendix E of the Manual, it is noted that the key assumptions adopted in approved EIA report for the construction phase are still valid and no major changes are involved. The environmental mitigation measures recommended in the approved EIA Report remain applicable and shall be implemented in undertaking construction works for the Project.

3 Report on Non-compliance, Complaints, Notifications of Summons and Prosecutions

3.1 Compliance with Other Statutory Environmental Requirements

During the reporting period, environmental related licenses and permits required for the construction activities were checked. No non-compliance with environmental statutory requirements was recorded.

3.2 Analysis and Interpretation of Complaints, Notification of Summons and Status of Prosecutions

3.2.1 Complaints

No construction activities-related complaint was received during the reporting period.

3.2.2 Notifications of Summons or Status of Prosecution

No notification of summons nor prosecution was received during the reporting period.

3.3 Cumulative Statistics

Cumulative statistics on valid exceedance, non-compliance, complaints, notifications of summons and status of prosecutions are summarized in Table 3.1 and Table 3.2.

Table 3.1: Statistics for Valid Exceedances for the Environmental Monitoring

		Total No. Recorded in the Reporting Period	Total No. Recorded since the Project Commenced
1-hr TSP	Action Level	0	0
	Limit Level	0	0
Noise	Action Level	0	0
	Limit Level	0	0
Waste	Action Level	0	0
	Limit Level	0	0
Water	Action Level	0	0
	Limit Level	0	0
CWD	Action Level	0	0
	Limit Level	0	0

Remark: Non-project related triggers of Action or Limit Level are not shown in this table.

Table 3.2: Statistics for Non-compliance, Complaints, Notifications of Summons and Prosecution

Reporting Period	Cumulative Statistics
	Non-compliance	Complaints	Notifications of Summons	Prosecutions
This reporting period	0	0	0	0
From 28 December 2015 to end of the reporting period	0	16	1	1

4 Conclusion and Recommendation

In this quarterly period from 1 January 2019 to 31 March 2019, the EM&A programme has been implemented as planned, including 96 sets of air quality measurements, 52 sets of construction noise measurements, 39 sets of water quality measurements, 6 complete sets of vessel line transect surveys and 9 days of land-based theodolite tracking survey effort for CWD monitoring, 1 round of terrestrial ecological monitoring, as well as environmental site inspections and waste monitoring for the Project’s construction works.

The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period included reclamation works and land-side works. Reclamation works included DCM works, marine filling, and seawall construction. Land-side works involved mainly foundation and substructure work for Terminal 2 expansion, modification and tunnel work for APM and BHS, and preparation work for utilities, with activities include site establishment, site office construction, road and drainage works, cable ducting, demolition of existing facilities, piling, and excavation works.

Monitoring results of construction dust, construction noise, construction waste, and CWD did not trigger the corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period. All site observations made by the ET were recorded in the site inspection checklists and passed to the contractor together with the recommended follow-up actions.

For water quality, the water quality monitoring results for DO, turbidity, total alkalinity, and chromium obtained during the reporting period did not trigger their corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme. Relevant investigation and follow-up actions will be conducted according to the EM&A programme if the corresponding Action and Limit Levels are triggered. For SS, and nickel, some of the testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Levels in the reporting period, and the corresponding investigations were conducted accordingly. The investigation findings concluded that the cases were not due to the Project. To conclude, the construction activities in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers.

In total, 2,338 ferry movements between HKIA SkyPier and Zhuhai / Macau were audited in the reporting period. All HSFs travelled through the SCZ with average speed within 15 knots in compliance with the SkyPier Plan. Four ferry movements had minor deviations from the diverted route during the reporting period. ET investigated the deviation cases and confirmed that all of them were related to public safety.

During the reporting period, ET conducted bi-weekly audit of the MSS to ensure the system recorded all deviation cases accurately and the contractors fully complied with the requirements of the MTRMP-CAV. A total of six skipper training workshops were held by ET during the reporting period for captains of construction vessels associated with 3RS contracts. Another 14 skipper training workshops were held by contractors’ Environmental Officers and competency tests were conducted subsequently with the trained captains by ET.

On the implementation of MMWP, dolphin observers were deployed by the contractors for laying of silt curtains for marine filling works in accordance with the plan. On the implementation of DEZ Plan, dolphin observers were deployed for continuous monitoring of the DEZ by the contractors for DCM works and seawall construction in accordance with the DEZ Plan. Trainings for the proposed dolphin observers were provided by the ET prior to the aforementioned works, with the training records kept by the ET. From the contractors’ MMWP observation records and DEZ monitoring records, no dolphin or other marine mammals were observed within or around the silt curtains or the DEZ in this reporting period. Audits of acoustic decoupling for construction vessels were also carried out by ET.

The recommended environmental mitigation measures, as included in the EM&A programme, were effectively implemented during the reporting period. Also, the EM&A programme implemented by the ET has effectively monitored the construction activities and ensured the proper implementation of mitigation measures.

[1] The Manual is available on the Project’s dedicated website (accessible at: http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/index.html)