Figure 1.1	Locations of Key Construction Activities
Figure 2.1	Locations of Air and Noise Monitoring Stations and Chek Lap Kok Wind Station
Figure 2.2	Water Quality Monitoring Stations
Figure 2.3	Vessel based Dolphin Monitoring Transects in Construction, Post-Construction, and Operation Phases
Figure 2.4	Land based Dolphin Monitoring Locations in Baseline and Construction Phases
Figure 2.5	Sightings Distribution of Chinese White Dolphins
Figure 2.6	Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins with Different Group Sizes
Figure 2.7	Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins Engaged in Different Behaviours
Figure 2.8	Sighting Locations of Mother-calf Pairs
Figure 2.9	Plots of First Sightings of All CWD Groups from Land-based Stations
Figure 2.10	Location for Passive Acoustic Monitoring

Appendices

Appendix A	Project Organisation Chart
Appendix B	Environmental Mitigation Implementation Schedule (EMIS) for Construction Phase
Appendix C	Monitoring Results

Abbreviations

3RS	Three-Runway System
AAHK	Airport Authority Hong Kong
AECOM	AECOM Asia Company Limited
AFCD	Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department
AIS	Automatic Information System
ANI	Encounter Rate of Number of Dolphins
APM	Automated People Mover
AW	Airport West
BHS	Baggage Handling System
CAP	Contamination Assessment Plan
CAR	Contamination Assessment Report
CWD	Chinese White Dolphin
DCM	Deep Cement Mixing
DEZ	Dolphin Exclusion Zone
DO	Dissolved Oxygen
EAR	Ecological Acoustic Recorder
EIA	Environmental Impact Assessment
EM&A	Environmental Monitoring & Audit
EMIS	Environmental Mitigation Implementation Schedule
EP	Environmental Permit
EPD	Environmental Protection Department
ET	Environmental Team
FCZ	Fish Culture Zone
HKBCF	Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities
HKIA	Hong Kong International Airport
HSF	High Speed Ferry
IEC	Independent Environmental Checker
LKC	Lung Kwu Chau
MTCC	Marine Traffic Control Centre
MMHK	Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited
MMWP	Marine Mammal Watching Plan
MSS	Maritime Surveillance System
MTRMP-CAV	Updated Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for Construction and Associated Vessel
NEL	Northeast Lantau
NWL	Northwest Lantau
PAM	Passive Acoustic Monitoring
SC	Sha Chau
SCZ	Speed Control Zone
SCLKCMP	Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park
SS	Suspended Solids
STG	Encounter Rate of Number of Dolphin Sightings
SWL	Southwest Lantau
The Manual	The Updated EM&A Manual
The Project	The Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System
The SkyPier Plan	Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for High Speed Ferries of SkyPier
TSP	Total Suspended Particulates
WL	West Lantau
WMP	Waste Management Plan

Executive Summary

The “Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System” (the Project) serves to meet the future air traffic demands at Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA). On 7 November 2014, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report (Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014) for the Project was approved and an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-489/2014) was issued for the construction and operation of the Project.

This is the 19^th Construction Phase Quarterly EM&A Report for the Project which summarises the monitoring results and audit findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 July 2020 to 30 September 2020.

Key Activities in the Reporting Period

The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period included reclamation works and land-based works. Works in the reclamation areas included deep cement mixing (DCM) works, marine filling, seawall and facilities construction, together with runway and associated works. Land-based works on existing airport island involved mainly airfield works, foundation and substructure work for Terminal 2 expansion, modification and tunnel work for Automated People Mover (APM) and Baggage Handling System (BHS), and preparation work for utilities, with activities include site establishment, site office construction, road and drainage works, cable ducting, demolition, piling, and excavation works.

EM&A Activities Conducted in the Reporting Period

The EM&A programme was undertaken in accordance with the Manual of the Project. Summary of the monitoring activities during this reporting period is presented as below:

Monitoring Activities	Number of Sessions
1-hour Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) air quality monitoring	96
Noise monitoring	52
Water quality monitoring	38
Vessel line-transect surveys for Chinese White Dolphin (CWD) monitoring	6
Land-based theodolite tracking survey effort for CWD monitoring	6

Environmental auditing works, including weekly site inspections of construction works conducted by the ET and bi-weekly site inspections conducted by the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC), audit of SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF), audit of construction and associated vessels, and audit of implementation of Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) and Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan, were conducted in the reporting period. Based on information including ET’s observations, records of Maritime Surveillance System (MSS), and contractors’ site records, it is noted that environmental pollution control and mitigation measures were properly implemented and construction activities of the Project in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impacts to the sensitive receivers.

Snapshots of Good Environmental Practices in the Reporting Period


Wasted lead acid batteries recycling via local battery recycler	Plastic waste recovery from the expired safety helmets	Dust suppression control management plan

Key examples of good site practices implemented in the Project are highlighted as below:

1. Wasted lead acid batteries dismantled from APM trains were collected for recycling by a battery recycler to save the landfill space, eliminate the risk of pollution to the environment, and minimize the wastage.

2. Expired safety helmets were collected and delivered to a local recycler to facilitate the recovery of plastic.

3. Dust suppression control management plan for the new reclaimed land area was devised which consisted of the travelling of water browsers along the designated vehicle travelling routes, and establishment of water mist canon for the dust suppression during the handling of construction materials.

Summary Findings of the EM&A Programme

The monitoring works for construction dust, construction noise, water quality, construction waste, landscape & visual, and CWD were conducted during the reporting period in accordance with the Manual.

Monitoring results of construction dust, construction noise, construction waste, and CWD monitoring did not trigger the corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period.

The water quality monitoring results for all parameters, except dissolved oxygen (DO), obtained during the reporting period were within the corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme. Relevant investigation and follow-up actions will be conducted according to the EM&A programme if the corresponding Action and Limit Levels are triggered. For DO, some testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Level, and the corresponding investigations were conducted accordingly. The investigation findings concluded that the cases were not related to the Project. To conclude, the construction activities in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers.

The key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period is summarised as below:

	Yes	No	Details	Analysis / Recommendation / Remedial Actions
Breach of Limit Level^		√	No breach of Limit Level was recorded.	Nil
Breach of Action Level^		√	No breach of Action Level was recorded.	Nil
Complaints Received	√		A complaint regarding suspected improper chemical waste disposal at the pier near Marina Garden, Tuen Mun was received on 6 Jul 2020.	ET requested the concerned Contractor for details on the complaint. Based on information provided by Contractor, no chemical waste was generated from the Contractor. The case was considered closed.
			A complaint regarding the discharge of muddy water from the construction site which was near Aviation Fuel Supply Company (AFSC) Operation Limited premise to the surrounding surface water channel was received on 13 Jul 2020.	ET investigated the related work contracts that carried out construction activities at or near the alleged area. Based on information provided by contractors and ET’s inspection findings, no malpractices were observed. The case was considered closed.
			A complaint regarding dust issue at Chek Lap Kok South Road was received on 28 Aug 2020.	ET investigated the potential related work contracts whose barges moored at or near the alleged area. Based on information provided by contractors and ET’s inspection findings, no malpractices were observed. The case was considered closed.
Notification of any summons and status of prosecutions		√	No notification of summons or prosecution were received.	Nil
Changes that affect the EM&A		√	There was no change to the construction works that may affect the EM&A.	Nil

Remarks:

^Only triggering of Action or Limit Level found related to Project works is counted as Breach of Action or Limit Level.

1 Introduction

1.1 Background

On 7 November 2014, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report (Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014) for the “Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System” (the Project) was approved and an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-489/2014) was issued for the construction and operation of the Project.

Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) commissioned Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited (MMHK) to undertake the role of Environmental Team (ET) for carrying out the Environmental Monitoring & Audit (EM&A) works during the construction phase of the Project in accordance with the Updated EM&A Manual (the Manual) submitted under EP Condition 3.1 [1]. AECOM Asia Company Limited (AECOM) was employed by AAHK as the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) for the Project.

The Project covers the expansion of the existing airport into a three-runway system (3RS) with key project components comprising land formation of about 650 ha and all associated facilities and infrastructure including taxiways, aprons, aircraft stands, a passenger concourse, an expanded Terminal 2, all related airside and landside works and associated ancillary and supporting facilities. The submarine aviation fuel pipelines and submarine power cables also require diversion as part of the works.

Construction of the Project is to proceed in the general order of diversion of the submarine aviation fuel pipelines, diversion of the submarine power cables, land formation, and construction of infrastructure, followed by construction of superstructures.

The updated overall phasing programme of all construction works was presented in Appendix A of the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 7 and the contract information was presented in Appendix A of the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report No. 54.

1.2 Scope of this Report

This is the 19^th Construction Phase Quarterly EM&A Report for the Project which summarises the key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 July 2020 to 30 September 2020.

1.3 Project Organisation

The Project’s organisation structure is provided in Appendix A. Contact details of the key personnel have been updated and provided in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1: Contact Information of Key Personnel

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Project Manager’s Representative (Airport Authority Hong Kong)	Principal Manager, Environmental Compliance, Sustainability	Lawrence Tsui	2183 2734
Environmental Team (ET) (Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited)	Environmental Team Leader	Terence Kong	2828 5919
	Deputy Environmental Team Leader	Heidi Yu	2828 5704
	Deputy Environmental Team Leader	Daniel Sum	2585 8495
Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) (AECOM Asia Company Limited)	Independent Environmental Checker	Jackel Law	3922 9376
	Deputy Independent Environmental Checker	Roy Man	3922 9141

Reclamation Works:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3205 DCM (Package 5) (Bachy Soletanche - Sambo Joint Venture)	Deputy Project Director	Min Park	9683 0765
	Environmental Officer	Steven Chan	6288 0189
Contract 3206 Main Reclamation Works (ZHEC-CCCC-CDC Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Alan Mong	3763 1352
	Environmental Officer	Kwai Fung Wong	3763 1452

Airfield Works:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3301 North Runway Crossover Taxiway (FJT-CHEC-ZHEC Joint Venture)	Deputy Project Director	Kin Hang Chung	9800 0048
	Environmental Officer	Joe Wong	6182 0351
Contract 3302 Eastern Vehicular Tunnel Advance Works (China Road and Bridge Corporation)	Project Manager	Dickey Yau	5699 4503
	Environmental Officer	Dennis Ho	5645 0563
Contract 3303 Third Runway and Associated Works (SAPR Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Andrew Keung	6277 6628
	Environmental Officer	Max Chin	6447 5707
Contract 3307 Fire Training Facility (Paul Y. Construction Company Limited)	Project Manager	Steven Meredith	6109 1813
	Environmental Officer	Albert Chan	9700 1083

Third Runway Concourse:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3402 New Integrated Airport Centres Enabling Works (Wing Hing Construction Co., Ltd.)	Contract Manager	Michael Kan	9206 0550
	Environmental Officer	Lisa He	5374 3418
Contract 3403 New Integrated Airport Centres Building and Civil Works (Sun Fook Kong Construction Limited)	Project Manager	Alice Leung	9220 3162
	Environmental Officer	Alpha Chia	9626 1114
Contract 3405 Third Runway Concourse Foundation and Substructure Works (China Road and Bridge Corporation – Bachy Soletanche Group Limited – LT Sambo Co., Ltd. Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Francis Choi	9423 3469
	Environmental Officer	Jacky Lai	9028 8975

Terminal 2 (T2) Expansion:

Party

Position

Name

Telephone

Contract 3503 Terminal 2 Foundation and Substructure Works

(Leighton – Chun Wo Joint Venture)

Project Manager

Eric Wu

3973 1718

Environmental Officer

Malcolm Leung

3973 0850

Automated People Mover (APM) and Baggage Handling System (BHS):

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3601 New Automated People Mover System (TRC Line) (CRRC Puzhen Bombardier Transportation Systems Limited and CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Hongdan Wei	158 6180 9450
	Environmental Officer	Jasmine Tso	5968 6926
Contract 3602 Existing APM System Modification Works (Niigata Transys Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Kunihiro Tatecho	9755 0351
	Environmental Officer	Yolanda Gao	5399 3509
Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System (VISH Consortium)	Project Manager	K C Ho	9272 9626
Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System (VISH Consortium)	Environmental Officer	Eric Ha	9215 3432

Construction Support (Facilities):

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3721 Construction Support Infrastructure Works (China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Ltd.)	Site Agent	Thomas Lui	9011 5340
	Environmental Officer	Xavier Lam	9493 2944
Contract 3722 Western Support Area – Construction Support Facilities (Tapbo Construction Company Limited and Konwo Modular House Limited Joint Venture)	Deputy Project Director	Philip Kong	9049 3161
	Environmental Officer	Sampson Lo	9752 9118

Airport Support Infrastructure:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3801 APM and BHS Tunnels on Existing Airport Island (China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Ltd.)	Project Manager	Tony Wong	9642 8672
	Environmental Officer	Federick Wong	9842 2703
Contract 3802 APM and BHS Tunnels and Related Works (Gammon Construction Limited)	Project Director	John Adams	6111 6989
	Environmental Officer	Andy Leung	9489 0035

Construction Support (Services / Licences):

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3901A Concrete Batching Facility (K. Wah Concrete Company Limited)	Project Manager	Benedict Wong	9553 2806
	Environmental Officer	C P Fung	9874 2872
Contract 3901B Concrete Batching Facility (Gammon Construction Limited)	Senior Project Manager	Gabriel Chan	2435 3260
	Environmental Officer	Rex Wong	2695 6319

1.4 Contact information for the Project

The contact information for the Project is provided in Table 1.2. The public can contact us through the following channels if they have any queries and comments on the environmental monitoring data and project related information.

Table 1.2: Contact Information of the Project

Channels	Contact Information
Hotline	3908 0354
Email	env@3rsproject.com
Fax	3747 6050
Postal Address	Airport Authority Hong Kong HKIA Tower 1 Sky Plaza Road Hong Kong International Airport Lantau Hong Kong Attn: Environmental Team Leader Mr Terence Kong c/o Mr Lawrence Tsui (TRD)

1.5 Summary of Construction Works

The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period included reclamation works and land-based works. Works in the reclamation areas included DCM works, marine filling, seawall and facilities construction, together with runway and associated works. Land-based works on existing airport island involved mainly airfield works, foundation and substructure work for Terminal 2 expansion, modification and tunnel work for APM and BHS systems, and preparation work for utilities, with activities include site establishment, site office construction, road and drainage works, cable ducting, demolition of existing facilities, piling, and excavation works.

The locations of the key construction activities are presented in Figure 1.1.

1.6 Summary of EM&A Programme Requirements

The status for all environmental aspects is presented in Table 1.3. The EM&A requirements remained unchanged during the reporting period.

Table 1.3: Summary of Status for All Environmental Aspects under the Updated EM&A Manual

Parameters	EM&A Requirements	Status
Air Quality
Baseline Monitoring	At least 14 consecutive days before commencement of construction work	The baseline air quality monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	At least 3 times every 6 days	On-going
Noise
Baseline Monitoring	Daily for a period of at least two weeks prior to the commencement of construction works	The baseline noise monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Weekly	On-going
Water Quality
General Baseline Water Quality Monitoring for reclamation, water jetting and field joint works	Three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides, for at least four weeks prior to the commencement of marine works.	The baseline water quality monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
General Impact Water Quality Monitoring for reclamation, water jetting and field joint works	Three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides.	On-going
Initial Intensive Deep Cement Mixing (DCM) Water Quality Monitoring	At least four weeks	The Initial Intensive DCM Monitoring Report was submitted and approved by EPD in accordance with the Detailed Plan on DCM.
Regular DCM Water Quality Monitoring	Three times per week until completion of DCM works.	On-going
Sewerage and Sewage Treatment
Methodology for carrying out annual sewage flow monitoring for concerned gravity sewer	Methodology to be prepared and submitted to EPD at least one year before commencement of the operation of 3RS	To be prepared and submitted to EPD
Details of the routine H₂S monitoring system for the sewerage system of 3RS	Details to be prepared and submitted to EPD at least one year before commencement of the operation of 3RS	To be prepared and submitted to EPD
Waste Management
Waste Monitoring	At least weekly	On-going
Land Contamination
Supplementary Contamination Assessment Plan (CAP)	At least 3 months before commencement of any soil remediation works.	The Supplementary CAP was submitted and approved by EPD pursuant to EP condition 2.20.
Contamination Assessment Report (CAR)	CAR to be submitted for golf course	The CAR for Golf Course was submitted to EPD.
Contamination Assessment Report (CAR)	CAR to be submitted for Terminal 2 Emergency Power Supply Systems	The CARs for Terminal 2 Emergency Power Supply System Nos. 1 (Volumes 1 and 2), 2, 3, and 5 were submitted to EPD.
Terrestrial Ecology
Pre-construction Egretry Survey Plan	Once per month in the breeding season between April and July, prior to the commencement of HDD drilling works.	The Egretry Survey Plan was submitted and approved by EPD under EP Condition 2.14.
Ecological Monitoring	Monthly monitoring during the HDD construction works period from August to March.	The terrestrial ecological monitoring at Sheung Sha Chau was completed in January 2019.
Marine Ecology
Pre-Construction Phase Coral Dive Survey	Prior to marine construction works	The Coral Translocation Plan was submitted and approved by EPD under EP Condition 2.12.
Coral Translocation	-	The coral translocation was completed on 5 January 2017.
Post-translocation Monitoring	As per an enhanced monitoring programme based on the Coral Translocation Plan	The post-translocation monitoring programme according to the Coral Translocation Plan was completed in April 2018.
Chinese White Dolphins (CWD)
Baseline Monitoring	6 months of baseline surveys before the commencement of land formation related construction works. Vessel line transect surveys: Two full surveys per month; Land-based theodolite tracking surveys: Two days per month at the Sha Chau station and two days per month at the Lung Kwu Chau station; and Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM): For the whole duration of baseline period.	Baseline CWD results were reported in the CWD Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD in accordance with EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Vessel line transect surveys: Two full surveys per month; Land-based theodolite tracking surveys: One day per month at the Sha Chau station and one day per month at the Lung Kwu Chau station; and PAM: For the whole duration for land formation related construction works.	On-going
Landscape and Visual
Landscape and Visual Plan	At least 3 months before the commencement of construction works on the formed land of the Project.	The Landscape & Visual Plan was submitted to EPD under EP Condition 2.18
Baseline Monitoring	One-off survey within the Project site boundary prior to commencement of any construction works	The baseline landscape & visual monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Weekly	On-going
Environmental Auditing
Regular site inspection	Weekly	On-going
Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF) implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Construction and Associated Vessels implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Complaint Hotline and Email Channel	Construction phase	On-going
Environmental Log Book	Construction phase	On-going

Taking into account the construction works in the reporting period, impact monitoring of air quality, noise, water quality, waste management, landscape & visual, and CWD were carried out in the reporting period.

The EM&A programme also involved weekly site inspections and related auditing conducted by ET for the checking of implementation of required environmental mitigation measures recommended in the approved EIA Report. To promote the environmental awareness and enhance the environmental performance of the contractors, environmental trainings and regular environmental management meetings were conducted during the reporting period which are summarised as below:

● Seven skipper trainings provided by ET;

● Two dolphin observer training sessions provided by ET;

● One environmental briefing on EP and EM&A requirements of the 3RS provided by ET; and

● Forty-five environmental management meetings for EM&A review with works contracts.

The EM&A programme has been following the recommendations presented in the approved EIA Report and the Manual. A summary of implementation status of the environmental mitigation measures for the construction phase of the Project during the reporting period is provided in Appendix B

2 Environmental Monitoring and Auditing

2.1 Air Quality Monitoring

Impact 1-hour Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) monitoring was conducted three times every six days at two representative monitoring stations during the reporting period. The locations of monitoring stations are described in Table 2.1 and presented in Figure 2.1.

2.1.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the air quality monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are provided in Table 2.1 for reference.

Table 2.1: Impact Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Station	Location	Action Level (mg/m³)	Limit Level (mg/m³)
AR1A	Man Tung Road Park	306	500
AR2	Village House at Tin Sum	298	500

2.1.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

The air quality monitoring results in the reporting period are summarised in Table 2.2 and the graphical plot is presented in Appendix C.

Table 2.2: Percentage of Air Quality Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	AR1A	AR2
Jul 2020	100%	100%
Aug 2020	100%	100%
Sep 2020	100%	100%
Overall	100%	100%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels by the total number of monitoring results.

All monitoring results were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels at all monitoring stations in the reporting period.

General meteorological conditions in the last month of the previous quarter and this reporting period were recorded and summarised in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: General Meteorological Condition during Impact Air Quality Monitoring

	Weather	Dominant Wind Direction
Jun 2020	Sunny to Cloudy	Southwest
Jul 2020	Sunny to Cloudy	Southwest
Aug 2020	Sunny to Cloudy	Southeast
Sep 2020	Sunny to Cloudy	Southeast

2.1.3 Conclusion

No dust emission source was observed at the monitoring stations during the monitoring sessions. As the sensitive receivers were far away from the construction activities, with the implementation of dust control measures, there was no adverse impact at the sensitive receivers attributable to the works of the Project.

2.2 Noise Monitoring

Impact noise monitoring was conducted at four representative monitoring stations once per week during 0700 and 1900 in the reporting period. The locations of monitoring stations are described in Table 2.4 and presented in Figure 2.1.

2.2.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the noise monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are provided in Table 2.4 for reference.

Table 2.4: Impact Noise Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Station	Location	Action Level	Limit Level
NM1A	Man Tung Road Park	When one documented complaint is received from any one of the sensitive receivers	75 dB(A)
NM4	Ching Chung Hau Po Woon Primary School		65dB(A) / 70 dB(A)⁽ⁱ⁾
NM5	Village House in Tin Sum		75 dB(A)
NM6	House No. 1, Sha Lo Wan		75 dB(A)
Note: ⁽ⁱ⁾ The Limit Level for NM4 is reduced to 70dB(A) for being an educational institution. During school examination period, the Limit Level is further reduced to 65dB(A).

2.2.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

The noise monitoring results in the reporting period are summarised in Table 2.5 and the graphical plot is presented in Appendix C.

Table 2.5: Percentage of Noise Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	NM1A	NM4	NM5	NM6
Jul 2020	100%	100%	100%	100%
Aug 2020	100%	100%	100%	100%
Sep 2020	100%	100%	100%	100%
Overall	100%	100%	100%	100%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels by the total number of monitoring results.

No complaints were received from any sensitive receiver that triggered the Action Level. All monitoring results were also within the corresponding Limit Levels at all monitoring stations in the reporting period.

General meteorological conditions in the last month of the previous quarter and this reporting period were recorded and summarised in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: General Meteorological Condition during Impact Noise Monitoring

	Weather
Jun 2020	Sunny to Cloudy
Jul 2020	Sunny to Cloudy
Aug 2020	Sunny to Cloudy
Sep 2020	Sunny to Cloudy

2.2.3 Conclusion

Major sources of noise dominating the monitoring stations observed during the construction noise impact monitoring were traffic noise near NM1A and aircraft noise near NM6. As the sensitive receivers were far away from the construction activities, with the implementation of noise control measures, there was no adverse impact at the sensitive receivers attributable to the works of the Project.

2.3 Water Quality Monitoring

During the reporting period, water quality monitoring was conducted three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides, at a total of 23 water quality monitoring stations, comprising 12 impact (IM) stations, 8 sensitive receiver (SR) stations, and 3 control (C) stations in the vicinity of the water quality sensitive receivers around the existing airport island in accordance with the Manual. The purpose of water quality monitoring at the IM stations is to promptly capture any potential water quality impacts from the Project before the impacts could become apparent at sensitive receivers (represented by the SR stations). Table 2.7 describes the details of the monitoring stations. Figure 2.2 shows the locations of the monitoring stations.

Table 2.7: Monitoring Locations and Parameters for Impact Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Station	Description	Coordinates Easting Northing		Parameters
Monitoring Station		Coordinates Easting Northing
C1	Control Station	804247	815620	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS DCM Parameters Total Alkalinity, Heavy Metals⁽²⁾
C2	Control Station	806945	825682
C3⁽³⁾	Control Station	817803	822109
IM1	Impact Station	807132	817949
IM2	Impact Station	806166	818163
IM3	Impact Station	805594	818784
IM4	Impact Station	804607	819725
IM5	Impact Station	804867	820735
IM6	Impact Station	805828	821060
IM7	Impact Station	806835	821349
IM8	Impact Station	808140	821830
IM9	Impact Station	808811	822094
IM10	Impact Station	809794	822385
IM11	Impact Station	811460	822057
IM12	Impact Station	812046	821459
SR1A⁽¹⁾	Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HKBCF) Seawater Intake for cooling	812660	819977	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS
SR2⁽³⁾	Planned marine park / hard corals at The Brothers / Tai Mo To	814166	821463	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS DCM Parameters Total Alkalinity, Heavy Metals⁽²⁾⁽⁴⁾
SR3	Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park / fishing and spawning grounds in North Lantau	807571	822147	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS
SR4A	Sha Lo Wan	807810	817189
SR5A	San Tau Beach SSSI	810696	816593
SR6A⁽⁵⁾	Tai Ho Bay, Near Tai Ho Stream SSSI	814739	817963
SR7	Ma Wan Fish Culture Zone (FCZ)	823742	823636
SR8⁽⁶⁾	Seawater Intake for cooling at Hong Kong International Airport (East)	811623	820390

Notes:

(1) With the operation of HKBCF, water quality monitoring at SR1A station was commenced on 25 October 2018.

(2) Details of selection criteria for the two heavy metals for regular DCM monitoring refer to the Detailed Plan on Deep Cement Mixing available on the dedicated 3RS website (http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/ep-submissions.html). DCM specific water quality monitoring parameters (total alkalinity and heavy metals) were only conducted at C1 to C3, SR2, and IM1 to IM12.

(3) According to the Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report, C3 station is not adequately representative as a control station of impact/ SR stations during the flood tide. The control reference has been changed from C3 to SR2 from 1 September 2016 onwards.

(4) Total alkalinity and heavy metals results are collected at SR2 as a control station for regular DCM monitoring.

(5) As the access to SR6 was obstructed by the construction activities and temporary structures for Tung Chung New Town Extension, the monitoring location has been relocated to SR6A starting from 8 August 2019.

(6) The monitoring location for SR8 is subject to further changes due to silt curtain arrangements and the progressive relocation of this seawater intake.

2.3.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are presented in Table 2.8. The control and IM stations during flood tide and ebb tide for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring are presented in Table 2.9.

Table 2.8: Action and Limit Levels for General Water Quality Monitoring and Regular DCM Monitoring

Parameters	Action Level		Limit Level
Action and Limit Levels for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring (excluding SR1A & SR8)
DO in mg/l (Surface, Middle & Bottom)	Surface and Middle 4.5 mg/l		Surface and Middle 4.1 mg/l 5 mg/l for Fish Culture Zone (SR7) only
DO in mg/l (Surface, Middle & Bottom)	Bottom 3.4 mg/l		Bottom 2.7 mg/l
SS in mg/l	23	or 120% of upstream control station at the same tide of the same day, whichever is higher	37	or 130% of upstream control station at the same tide of the same day, whichever is higher
Turbidity in NTU	22.6		36.1
Total Alkalinity in ppm	95		99
Representative Heavy Metals for regular DCM monitoring (Chromium)	0.2		0.2
Representative Heavy Metals for regular DCM monitoring (Nickel)	3.2		3.6
Action and Limit Levels SR1A
SS (mg/l)	33		42
Action and Limit Levels SR8
SS (mg/l)	52		60

Notes:

1. For DO measurement, Action or Limit Level is triggered when monitoring result is lower than the limits.

2. For parameters other than DO, Action or Limit Level of water quality results is triggered when monitoring results is higher than the limits.

3. Depth-averaged results are used unless specified otherwise.

4. Details of selection criteria for the two heavy metals for regular DCM monitoring refer to the Detailed Plan on Deep Cement Mixing available on the dedicated 3RS website http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/ep-submissions.html)

5. The Action and Limit Levels for the two representative heavy metals chosen will be the same as that for the intensive DCM monitoring.

Table 2.9: The Control and Impact Stations during Flood Tide and Ebb Tide for General Water Quality Monitoring and Regular DCM Monitoring

Control Station	Impact Stations
Flood Tide
C1	IM1, IM2, IM3, IM4, IM5, IM6, IM7, IM8, SR3
SR2¹	IM7, IM8, IM9, IM10, IM11, IM12, SR1A, SR3, SR4A, SR5A, SR6A, SR8
Ebb Tide
C1	SR4A, SR5A, SR6A
C2	IM1, IM2, IM3, IM4, IM5, IM6, IM7, IM8, IM9, IM10, IM11, IM12, SR1A, SR2, SR3, SR7, SR8

Note:

1. As per findings of Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report, the control reference has been changed from C3 to SR2 from 1 Sep 2016 onwards.

2.3.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

The summary or results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period are presented in Table 2.10. The weather and sea conditions in the last month of the previous quarter and this reporting period were recorded and summarised in Table 2.11.

Table 2.10: Percentage of Water Quality Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

General Water Quality Monitoring

Regular DCM Monitoring

(Surface and Middle)

(Bottom)

Turbidity

Alkalinity

Chromium

Nickel

Jul 2020

97.8%

(445/455)

97.1%

(442/455)

100%

(507/507)

100%

(455/455)

100%

(312/312)

100%

(312/312)

100%

(312/312)

Aug 2020

99.5%

(418/420)

98.8%

(415/420)

100%

(468/468)

100%

(420/420)

100%

(288/288)

100%

(288/288)

100%

(288/288)

Sep 2020

100%

(438/438)

100%

(438/438)

100%

(488/488)

100%

(438/438)

100%

(300/300)

100%

(300/300)

100%

(300/300)

Overall

99.1%

98.6%

100%

Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of depth-averaged results complying with their corresponding Action and Limit Levels by the total number of depth-averaged results.

Table 2.11: General Weather Condition and Sea Condition during Impact Water Quality Monitoring

	Weather	Sea Condition
Jun 2020	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Jul 2020	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Aug 2020	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Sep 2020	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough

The monitoring results for all parameters, except DO, obtained during the reporting period were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme. Relevant investigation and follow-up actions will be conducted according to the EM&A programme if the corresponding Action and Limit Levels are triggered.

For DO, some of the testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Level in the reporting period, and investigations were conducted accordingly. Summaries of results triggering Action or Limit Level for DO are presented Table 2.12 to Table 2.15.

Details of the investigation findings were presented in Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report Nos. 55 and 56, which concluded that all results triggering the Action or Limit Level were not related to the Project.

Table 2.12: Summary of DO (Surface and Middle) Results triggering Action or Limit Level (Mid-Ebb Tide)

	IM1	IM2	IM3	IM4	IM5	IM6	IM7	IM8	IM9	IM10	IM11	IM12	SR2	SR3	SR4A	SR5A	SR6A	SR7
21/07/2020		D	D	D											D
15/08/2020			D
No. of result triggering Action or Limit Level	0	1	2	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0

Table 2.13: Summary of DO (Bottom) Results triggering Action or Limit Level (Mid-Ebb Tide)

IM1

IM2

IM3

IM4

IM5

IM6

IM7

IM8

IM9

IM10

IM11

IM12

SR2

SR3

SR4A

SR5A

SR6A

SR7

16/07/2020

18/07/2020

15/08/2020

No. of result triggering Action or Limit Level

Table 2.14: Summary of DO (Surface and Middle) Results triggering Action or Limit Level (Mid-Flood Tide)

	IM1	IM2	IM3	IM4	IM5	IM6	IM7	IM8	IM9	IM10	IM11	IM12	SR3	SR4A	SR5A	SR6A	SR7
21/07/2020					D
22/08/2020
No. of result triggering Action or Limit Level	1	0	1	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1

Table 2.15: Summary of DO (Bottom) Results triggering Action or Limit Level (Mid-Flood Tide)

	IM1	IM2	IM3	IM4	IM5	IM6	IM7	IM8	IM9	IM10	IM11	IM12	SR3	SR4A	SR5A	SR6A	SR7
16/07/2020
18/07/2020
21/07/2020
No. of result triggering Action or Limit Level	0	0	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Note: The monitoring results compiled with their corresponding Action or Limit Levels are presented in Appendix C.

Legend:
	Result within corresponding Action and Limit Levels
	Result triggered the Action Level at monitoring station located upstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
D	Result triggered the Action Level at monitoring station located downstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
	Result triggered the Limit Level at monitoring station located upstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
D	Result triggered the Limit Level at monitoring station located downstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow
	Upstream station with respect to the Project during the respective tide based on dominant tidal flow
	Downstream station with respect to the Project during the respective tide based on dominant tidal flow

2.3.3 Conclusion

In the reporting period, it is noted that most monitoring results were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels, while only a minor number of results triggered their corresponding Action or Limit Level, and investigations were conducted accordingly. Based on the findings presented in Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report Nos. 55 and 56, all cases that triggered the corresponding Action or Limit Level were not related to the Project. Hence, the Project did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers. All required actions under the Event and Action Plan were followed.

Nevertheless, the non-project related triggers were attended to and initiated corresponding action and measures. As part of the EM&A programme, the construction methods and mitigation measures for water quality will continue to be monitored and opportunities for further enhancement will continue to be explored and implemented where possible, to strive for better protection of water quality and the marine environment.

In the meantime, the contractors were reminded to implement and maintain all mitigation measures during weekly site inspections and regular environmental management meetings. These include maintaining mitigation measures properly for reclamation works including DCM works, marine filling, and seawall construction as recommended in the Manual.

2.4 Waste Monitoring

In accordance with the Manual, waste generated from construction activities was audited once per week to determine if wastes were being managed in accordance with the Waste Management Plan (WMP) prepared for the Project, contract-specific WMP, and any statutory and contractual requirements. All aspects of waste management including waste generation, storage, transportation, and disposal were assessed during the audits.

2.4.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the construction waste are provided in Table 2.16.

Table 2.16: Action and Limit Levels for Construction Waste

Monitoring Stations	Action Level	Limit Level
Construction Area	When one valid documented complaint is received	Non-compliance of the WMP, contract-specific WMPs, any statutory and contractual requirements

2.4.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

Weekly monitoring of the Project construction works was carried out by the ET in the reporting period to check and monitor the implementation of proper waste management practices.

Recommendations made by the ET included provision and maintenance of proper chemical waste storage area, as well as handling, segregation, and regular disposal of general refuse. The contractors had taken actions to implement the recommended measures. Waste management audits were carried out by ET according to the requirement of the Waste Management Plan, Updated EM&A Manual and the implementation schedule of the waste management mitigation measures in Appendix B.

Based on updated contractors’ information, summary of construction waste generated in the reporting period is presented in Table 2.17. Proactive measures have been undertaken during the re-configuration of T2 building. The contractor has established the recycling strategy for C&D materials with proper planning and design to maximize recycling and reuse. Dedicated recyclers were employed for different kinds of recyclable materials by the contractor, and ET and IEC have carried out site visit to recyclers’ facilities to review recycling process. Recycling materials before leaving the site are weighted by a weight bridge and monitored by CCTV system. Dedicated areas for sorting of materials are established on site. Recyclable materials such as steel, reinforcement bar, structural steel, aluminium, copper, other metals and glass are sorted on-site and transported off-site for recycling. ET and IEC have carried out site audits regularly and reviewed the trip ticket system.

Table 2.17: Construction Waste Statistics

	C&D⁽¹⁾ Material Stockpiled for Reuse or Recycle (m³)	C&D Material Reused in the Project (m³)	C&D Material Reused in other Projects (m³)	C&D Material Transferred to Public Fill⁽³⁾ (m³)	Chemical Waste (kg)	Chemical Waste (l)	General Refuse (tonne)
Jul 2020⁽²⁾	2,895	43,002	16	3,785	60	8,200	1,035
Aug 2020⁽²⁾	6,005	70,022	0	2,735	0	1,400	1,224
Sep 2020⁽²⁾	5,822	101,504	1,952	1,842	50	9,000	1,534
Total	14,722	214,528	1,968	8,362	110	18,600	3,792
Notes: 1. C&D refers to Construction and Demolition. 2. Paper, metals and/or plastics were recycled in the reporting period. 3. C&D materials not suitable for reuse on-site, including asphalt waste and sediment slurry, were transferred to public fill during the reporting period.

There were no complaints, non-compliance of the WMP, contract-specific WMPs, statutory and contractual requirements that triggered Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period.

2.4.3 Marine Sediment Management

Marine sediment is managed according to the EIA Report, Updated EM&A Manual and Waste Management Plan of the Project. The sampling process, storage conditions of the excavated marine sediment, treatment process, final backfilling location as well as associated records were inspected and checked by ET and verified by IEC to ensure they were in compliance with the requirements as stipulated in the Waste Management Plan.

Sampling works for marine sediment generated from the reclaimed land area was on-going during the reporting period.

2.5 Chinese White Dolphin Monitoring

CWD monitoring was conducted by vessel line transect survey at a frequency of two full surveys per month, supplemented by land-based theodolite tracking survey and PAM. The frequency of the land-based theodolite tracking survey during the construction phase was one day per month at both Sha Chau (SC) and Lung Kwu Chau (LKC) stations, as stipulated in the Manual. The vessel survey transects followed the transect lines proposed in the Manual and are consistent with those used in the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) long-term CWD monitoring programme. The transect locations of CWD monitoring by vessel line transect survey conducted from July to September 2020 are shown in Figure 2.3, whilst the land-based theodolite tracking survey stations are described in Table 2.18 and depicted in Figure 2.4. The location of the PAM device is shown in Figure 2.10.

Table 2.18: Land-based Theodolite Tracking Survey Station Details

Stations

Location

Geographical Coordinates

Station Height (m)

Approximate Tracking Distance (km)

Sha Chau (SC)

22° 20’ 43.5” N

113° 53’ 24.66” E

45.66

Lung Kwu Chau (LKC)

22° 22’ 44.83” N

113° 53’ 0.2” E

70.40

2.5.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action Level and Limit Level for CWD monitoring were formulated by an action response approach using the running quarterly dolphin encounter rates (STG and ANI) derived from baseline monitoring data, as presented in the CWD Baseline Monitoring Report. The derived values of Action and Limit Levels for CWD monitoring are shown in Table 2.19.

Table 2.19: Derived Values of Action Level and Limit Level for Chinese White Dolphin Monitoring

	NEL, NWL, AW, WL and SWL as a Whole
Action Level	Running quarterly STG < 1.86 & ANI < 9.35
Limit Level	Two consecutive running quarterly (3-month) STG < 1.86 & ANI < 9.35

2.5.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

2.5.2.1 Vessel Line Transect Survey

Survey Effort

During the July to September 2020 reporting period, a total of six sets of vessel line transect survey covering all transects in Northeast Lantau (NEL), Northwest Lantau (NWL), Airport West (AW), West Lantau (WL) and Southwest Lantau (SWL) survey areas were conducted at a frequency of twice per month, in each survey area.

A total of around 1,336 km of survey effort was collected from these surveys, with around 92.8% of the total survey effort being conducted under favourable weather condition (i.e. Beaufort Sea State 3 or below with favourable visibility). Details of the survey effort data are presented in Appendix C.

CWD Sighting

From July to September 2020, there were a total of 42 sightings of CWDs, with 176 dolphins sighted (Table 2.20). Amongst these sightings, 40 sightings with 164 dolphins were recorded during on-effort searches under favourable weather condition.

When breaking down the sightings by survey areas, one sighting with 2 dolphins was recorded in NWL, 24 sightings with 124 dolphins and 17 sightings with 50 dolphins were recorded in WL and SWL survey areas respectively during the current reporting period. No CWD was sighted in NEL survey area or on AW transects.

Compared with the last quarter (i.e. April to June 2020), the total number of CWD sightings and the total number of dolphins, as well as the breakdowns of these numbers by survey areas remain similar in this quarter.

Compared with the same quarter of last year in 2019 (i.e. July to September 2019), there is an obvious decline in terms of both the total number of CWD sightings and the total number of dolphins, by 39% and 38% respectively.

Table 2.20 below shows the comparison of the numbers of sightings and dolphins amongst the current reporting period, last quarter, and the same quarter of last year.

Table 2.20: Summary of Number of CWD Sightings and Number of Dolphins for the Same Quarter Last Year, Previous Quarter, and Current Reporting Period

	Same Quarter of Last Year	Previous Reporting Period	Current Reporting Period
	July to September 2019	April to June 2020	July to September 2020
NEL	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
NWL	3 (4)	0 (0)	1 (2)
AW	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
WL	41 (182)	26 (121)	24 (124)
SWL	25 (97)	15 (57)	17 (50)
Total	69 (283)	41 (178)	42 (176)

Note: Values in ( ) represent number of dolphins

The distribution of CWD sightings recorded from July to September 2020 is illustrated in Figure 2.5. In NWL, the CWD sighting was recorded north off the Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park. In WL, most of the CWD sightings clustered at several locations including Tai O, Yi O, Peaked Hill and Fan Lau. In SWL, some dolphin sightings were scattered at waters west of the Soko Islands while others were clustered at Fan Lau. No CWD sightings were recorded in NEL or AW survey areas. Details of the sighting data are presented in Appendix C.

Figure 2.5: Sightings Distribution of Chinese White Dolphins from July to September 2020

Remarks: (1) Please note that there are 42 pink circles on the map indicating the sighting locations of CWD. Some of them were very close to each other and therefore appear overlapped on this sighting distribution map. (2) Marine park excludes land area and the landward boundary generally follows the high water mark along the coastline.

Encounter Rate

The dolphin encounter rates for the number of on-effort dolphin sightings per 100 km survey effort (STG) and for the total on-effort number of dolphins per 100 km survey effort (ANI) in the whole survey area (i.e. NEL, NWL, AW, WL and SWL) for July, August and September 2020 are summarised in Table 2.21.

In this reporting period, both the monthly and running quarterly STGs and ANIs declined drastically from July to September. No Action Level for CWD monitoring was triggered during the reporting period.

Compared with the previous reporting period (i.e. April to June 2020), both the running quarterly STG and ANI remain relatively steady. While comparing with the same quarter of last year (i.e. July to September 2019), both the running quarterly STG and ANI decrease significantly, from 5.36 to 3.23 and from 21.98 to 13.23 respectively. Encounter rates for these periods are summarised in Table 2.21 and graphical presentation is provided in Appendix C.

Table 2.21: Summary of Monthly and Running Quarterly STG and ANI of Chinese White Dolphin for the Same Quarter Last Year, Previous Quarter, and Current Reporting Period

	Same Quarter of Last Year			Previous Reporting Period			Current Reporting Period
	Jul 19	Aug 19	Sep 19	Apr 20	May 20	Jun 20	Jul 20	Aug 20	Sep 20
Monthly STG	7.64	3.95	4.47	1.58	2.12	5.86	6.84	1.90	1.18
Monthly ANI	31.72	16.50	17.63	6.77	13.91	21.47	28.62	7.59	4.48
Running Quarterly STG	4.37	4.92	5.36	2.36	2.03	3.13	4.88	4.81	3.23
Running Quarterly ANI	17.72	19.69	21.98	7.63	9.45	13.86	21.16	19.01	13.23

Note: For detailed calculations of encounter rates STG and ANI for the current reporting period, please refer to the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report Nos. 55, 56 and 57.

Group Size

Between July and September 2020, the group size of CWD sightings ranged from 1 to 19 dolphins. The average group size of CWDs was 4.2 dolphins per group, which is slightly smaller than that of the last quarter (4.3 dolphins per group). The average group size of CWDs in this reporting quarter is slightly larger than that of the same quarter of last year (4.1 dolphins per group).

In this reporting quarter, the number of CWD sightings with medium group size (i.e. 3-9 dolphins) was slightly lower than that with small group size (i.e. 1-2 dolphins). There were four CWD sightings with large group size (i.e. 10 or more dolphins) recorded in this reporting period.

There were no distinct distribution patterns of small-sized and medium-sized CWD groups observed in the current reporting period. However, all large-sized CWD groups were recorded in WL. Sighting locations of CWD groups with different group sizes are depicted in Figure 2.6.

Figure 2.6: Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins with Different Group Sizes

Remarks: (1) Please note that there are 42 circles on the map indicating the sighting locations of CWD. Some of them were very close to each other and therefore appear overlapped on this sighting distribution map. (2) Marine park excludes land area and the landward boundary generally follows the high water mark along the coastline.

Activities and Association with Fishing Boats

From July to September 2020, 10 sightings of CWDs were recorded with feeding activities. Amongst these sightings, one was observed in association with operating purse seiner.

The number of sightings with feeding recorded in the current reporting period is slightly lower than that in the previous reporting period (i.e. 11 sightings involved feeding activities in which four sightings associated with fishing boat between April and June 2020). The number of CWD sightings with feeding activities is lower than that in the same quarter of last year (i.e. 18 sightings between July and September 2019).

The sighting locations of CWDs engaged in different behaviours during the current reporting period are illustrated in Figure 2.7.

Figure 2.7: Sighting Locations of Chinese White Dolphins Engaged in Different Behaviours

Remarks: Marine park excludes land area and the landward boundary generally follows the high water mark along the coastline.

Mother-calf Pairs

From July to September 2020, 11 sightings of CWDs were recorded with the presence of mother-and-unspotted calf and/or mother-and-unspotted juvenile pair, which is more than that recorded in the previous reporting quarter (i.e. seven sightings in April to June 2020). The number is the same as that recorded in the same quarter of last year (i.e. 11 sightings in July to September 2019). All these sightings were recorded in WL except one recorded in SWL.

The locations of CWD sightings with the presence of mother-and-calf and/or mother-and-unspotted juvenile are shown in Figure 2.8.

Figure 2.8: Sighting Locations of Mother-calf Pairs

Remarks: (1) Please note that there are 11 circles on the map indicating the sighting locations of Mother-Calf pair. (2) Marine park excludes land area and the landward boundary generally follows the high water mark along the coastline.

Photo Identification

During July to September 2020, a total number of 77 different CWD individuals were identified altogether for 110 times. Re-sighting information of CWD individuals provides an initial idea of their range use and apparent connection between different areas of Lantau waters. Amongst these 77 different CWD individuals, 25 animals (i.e. NLMM023, NLMM037, NLMM052, NLMM060, SLMM003, SLMM007, SLMM010, SLMM012, SLMM014, SLMM025, SLMM037, SLMM049, SLMM052, SLMM060, SLMM062, WLMM001, WLMM008, WLMM009, WLMM030, WLMM079, WLMM085, WLMM091, WLMM092, WLMM131 and WLMM147) were sighted for more than once.

Eleven individuals including NLMM052, SLMM003, SLMM012, SLMM025, SLMM037, SLMM049, WLMM008, WLMM009, WLMM079, WLMM131 and WLMM147 were re-sighted in different survey areas during this reporting period. All cross-area movements were between WL and SWL survey areas. The most frequently re-sighted individual in this reporting quarter was WLMM079 which has been encountered altogether for five times. The number of CWD individuals re-sighted more than once and the number of CWD individuals showing cross-area movement in the current reporting period are both lower than those of the previous reporting quarter from April to June 2020 (34 and 14 individuals respectively).

A summary of photo identification works is presented in Table 2.22. Representative photos of the 77 identified individuals and figures depicting the sighting locations of the aforementioned 25 re-sighted individuals recorded in this reporting period are presented Appendix C.

Table 2.22: Summary of Photo Identification

Individual ID	Date of sighting	Sighting Group No.	Area	Individual ID	Date of sighting	Sighting Group No.	Area
NLMM012	13-Jul-20	4	WL	WLMM019	22-Jul-20	1	NWL
NLMM013	13-Jul-20	5	WL	WLMM028	20-Jul-20	4	SWL
NLMM015	15-Sep-20	2	WL	WLMM029	20-Jul-20	4	SWL
NLMM019	20-Jul-20	4	SWL	WLMM030	06-Jul-20	2	WL
NLMM020	06-Jul-20	4	WL		13-Jul-20	2	WL
NLMM023	09-Sep-20	1	WL	WLMM038	13-Jul-20	1	WL
	15-Sep-20	1	WL	WLMM043	13-Jul-20	5	WL
NLMM027	20-Jul-20	3	SWL	WLMM047	13-Jul-20	7	WL
NLMM034	13-Jul-20	1	WL	WLMM056	09-Sep-20	2	WL
NLMM037	20-Jul-20	8	SWL	WLMM060	13-Jul-20	6	WL
		9	SWL	WLMM062	17-Aug-20	1	WL
NLMM039	07-Aug-20	2	WL	WLMM063	21-Jul-20	3	SWL
NLMM043	09-Sep-20	1	WL	WLMM068	17-Aug-20	1	WL
NLMM052	13-Jul-20	5	WL	WLMM071	06-Jul-20	2	WL
	21-Jul-20	5	SWL	WLMM073	07-Aug-20	4	WL
NLMM060	06-Jul-20	2	WL	WLMM079	13-Jul-20	7	WL
	17-Aug-20	1	WL		20-Jul-20	5	SWL
NLMM063	22-Jul-20	1	NWL		21-Jul-20	4	SWL
SLMM003	13-Jul-20	7	WL		09-Sep-20	2	WL
	21-Jul-20	4	SWL		15-Sep-20	3	WL
	09-Sep-20	2	WL	WLMM080	13-Jul-20	6	WL
	15-Sep-20	3	WL	WLMM085	13-Jul-20	6	WL
SLMM007	13-Jul-20	6	WL			7	WL
		7	WL	WLMM086	13-Jul-20	2	WL
SLMM010	13-Jul-20	6	WL	WLMM089	13-Jul-20	5	WL
	07-Aug-20	4	WL	WLMM091	13-Jul-20	2	WL
SLMM012	21-Jul-20	2	SWL			3	WL
	09-Sep-20	2	WL	WLMM092	13-Jul-20	2	WL
SLMM014	06-Jul-20	3	WL			3	WL
	07-Aug-20	4	WL	WLMM095	17-Aug-20	1	WL
SLMM025	13-Jul-20	7	WL	WLMM098	13-Jul-20	1	WL
	20-Jul-20	3	SWL	WLMM102	06-Jul-20	1	WL
SLMM027	21-Jul-20	5	SWL	WLMM103	17-Aug-20	1	WL
SLMM037	20-Jul-20	5	SWL	WLMM107	06-Jul-20	2	WL
	09-Sep-20	2	WL	WLMM109	07-Aug-20	4	WL
SLMM045	15-Sep-20	2	WL	WLMM112	13-Jul-20	6	WL
SLMM049	13-Jul-20	7	WL	WLMM122	21-Jul-20	7	SWL
	20-Jul-20	5	SWL	WLMM131	07-Aug-20	3	WL
	07-Aug-20	4	WL		10-Aug-20	2	SWL
SLMM052	13-Jul-20	7	WL			3	SWL
	07-Aug-20	4	WL	WLMM133	17-Aug-20	1	WL
SLMM060	20-Jul-20	1	SWL	WLMM136	06-Jul-20	2	WL
	21-Jul-20	7	SWL	WLMM147	13-Jul-20	7	WL
SLMM062	20-Jul-20	3	SWL		20-Jul-20	5	SWL
	21-Jul-20	2	SWL		21-Jul-20	4	SWL
SLMM070	21-Jul-20	2	SWL	WLMM149	06-Jul-20	2	WL
SLMM072	09-Sep-20	2	WL	WLMM154	06-Jul-20	2	WL
WLMM001	13-Jul-20	6	WL	WLMM155	13-Jul-20	1	WL
		7	WL	WLMM156	13-Jul-20	1	WL
WLMM007	07-Aug-20	4	WL	WLMM157	13-Jul-20	7	WL
WLMM008	21-Jul-20	5	SWL	WLMM158	13-Jul-20	7	WL
	07-Aug-20	4	WL	WLMM159	13-Jul-20	7	WL
WLMM009	13-Jul-20	6	WL	WLMM160	07-Aug-20	4	WL
	20-Jul-20	4	SWL	WLMM161	17-Aug-20	1	WL
WLMM013	15-Sep-20	1	WL	WLMM162	17-Aug-20	1	WL

2.5.2.2 Land-based Theodolite Tracking Survey

Survey Effort

During July to September 2020, a total of six days of land-based theodolite tracking survey effort were completed, including three days on Lung Kwu Chau and three days on Sha Chau. In total, two CWD groups were tracked from the Lung Kwu Chau station while no CWD groups were tracked from the Sha Chau station, with an overall 0.06 CWD groups sighted per survey hour.

Information on survey effort and CWD groups sighted during land-based theodolite tracking surveys are presented in Table 2.23. Details on the survey effort and CWD groups tracked are presented in Appendix C. The first sighting locations of CWD groups tracked between July and September 2020 are shown in Figure 2.9.

Table 2.23: Summary of Survey Effort and CWD Group of Land-based Theodolite Tracking Survey

Land-based Station	# of Survey Sessions	Survey Effort (hh:mm)	# CWD Groups Sighted	CWD Group Sighting per Survey Hour
July 2020
Lung Kwu Chau	1	06:00	0	0
Sha Chau	1	06:00	0	0
TOTAL	2	12:00	0	0
August 2020
Lung Kwu Chau	1	06:00	2	0.33
Sha Chau	1	06:00	0	0
TOTAL	2	12:00