Figure 1.1	Locations of Key Construction Activities
Figure 2.1	Locations of Air and Noise Monitoring Stations and Chek Lap Kok Wind Station
Figure 2.2a	Water Quality Monitoring Stations (before 25 January 2022)
Figure 2.2b	Water Quality Monitoring Stations (on and after 25 January 2022)
Figure 2.3	Overall Sampling Grids for the Newly Reclaimed Area
Figure 2.4	The Backfilling Locations for Treated Marine Sediment
Figure 2.5	Vessel based Dolphin Monitoring Transects in Construction, Post-Construction and Operation Phases
Figure 2.6	Land based Dolphin Monitoring in Baseline and Construction Phases
Figure 2.7	Location for Autonomous Passive Acoustic Monitoring
Figure 2.8	Schematic Diagram for Sewerage System Flow Monitoring
Figure 2.9	Sewerage System Collecting Sewage from Airport

Appendices

Appendix A	Contract Description
Appendix B	Project Organization Chart
Appendix C	Environmental Mitigation Implementation Schedule (EMIS) for Construction Phase
Appendix D	Monitoring Results
Appendix E	Chinese White Dolphin Monitoring Results
Appendix F	Summary of Environmental Complaints and Cumulative Statistics on Exceedances, Notification of Summons, and Prosecution
Appendix G	Tree Schedule

Abbreviations

3RS	Three-Runway System
AAHK	Airport Authority Hong Kong
AECOM	AECOM Asia Company Limited
ABWF	Architectural, Builder's Work and Finishing Works
ACE	Advisory Council on the Environment
AFCD	Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department
AIS	Automatic Information System
ANI	Encounter Rate of Number of Dolphins
APM	Automated People Mover
AW	Airport West
BHS	Baggage Handling System
C	Control
CAP	Contamination Assessment Plan
CAR	Contamination Assessment Report
CDS	Conventional Distance Sampling
CLGs	Community Liaison Groups
COVID	Coronavirus Disease
CTP	Coral Translocation Plan
CWD	Chinese White Dolphin
CV	Coefficient of Variation
DCM	Deep Cement Mixing
DEZ	Dolphin Exclusion Zone
DO	Dissolved Oxygen
DPD	Detection Positive Days
DPM	Detection Positive Minutes
DPSE	Number of Dolphins per 100 Units of Survey Effort
EAR	Ecological Acoustic Recorder
EIA	Environmental Impact Assessment
EM&A	Environmental Monitoring & Audit
EP	Environmental Permit
EPD	Environmental Protection Department
EVT	Eastern Vehicular Tunnel
ET	Environmental Team
FCZ	Fish Culture Zone
HDD	Horizontal Directional Drilling
HKBCF	Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities
HKIA	Hong Kong International Airport
HOKLAS	The Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme
HSF	High Speed Ferry
HZMB	Hong-Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
IEC	Independent Environmental Checker
IM	Impact Station
LKC	Lung Kwu Chau
MCDS	Multiple Covariate Distance Sampling
MTCC	Marine Traffic Control Centre
MMHK	Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited
MMWP	Marine Mammal Watching Plan
MSS	Maritime Surveillance System
MTRMP-CAV	Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for Construction and Associated Vessel
NEL	Northeast Lantau
NWL	Northwest Lantau
PAM	Passive Acoustic Monitoring
PM	Partial Mortality
PVD	Prefabricated Vertical Drain
RBRGs	Risk Based Remediation Goals
SC	Sha Chau
SCLKCMP	Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park
SCZ	Speed Control Zone
SPSE	Number of On-effort Sightings per 100 Units of Survey Effort
SPS-1	Sewage Pumping Station 1
SR	Sensitive Receiver
SS	Suspended Solids
STG	Encounter Rate of Number of Dolphin Sightings
SWL	Southwest Lantau
The Project	The Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System
The SkyPier Plan	Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for High Speed Ferries of SkyPier
T2	Terminal 2
T2C	Terminal 2 Concourse
TCLP	Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure
TCSPS	Tung Chung Sewage Pumping Station
TSP	Total Suspended Particulates
UCS	Unconfined Compressive Strength
WL	West Lantau
WMP	Waste Management Plan
WVT	Western Vehicular Tunnel

Executive summary

The “Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System” (the Project) serves to meet the future air traffic demands at Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA). On 7 November 2014, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report (Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014) for the Project was approved and an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-489/2014) was issued for the construction and operation of the Project.

This is the 7^th Construction Phase Annual EM&A Report for the Project which summarizes the monitoring results and audit findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022.

Key Activities in the Reporting Period

Key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period were related to the following contracts:

Reclamation Works:

Contract 3206 Main Reclamation Works

● Seawall construction; and

● Backfilling works.

Airfield Works:

Contract 3301 North Runway Crossover Taxiway

● Cabling works; and

● Stockpiling.

Contract 3302 Eastern Vehicular Tunnel Advance Works

● Construction of tunnel structure;

● Pipe and drainage diversion works;

● Excavation and lateral support systems installation;

● Utilities and backfilling works; and

● Stockpiling.

Contract 3303 Third Runway and Associated Works

● Architectural, Builder's and Finishing works;

● Footing and utilities work;

● Excavation and concreting works;

● Piling work;

● Pavement work;

● Operation of asphalt plant; and

● Cable laying and ducting works.

Contract 3305 Airfield Ground Lighting System

● Cabling works;

● Network installation;

● Genset installation;

● Enhanced vehicular warning light hardware installation;

● Modification works;

● Rectification work for airfield ground lighting system; and

● Software development.

Contract 3306 Observation Facility Control System Supporting Interim 2RS and 3RS

● Equipment installation;

● Cabling works; and

● Installation of temporary site accommodation.

Contract 3307 Fire Training Facility

● Architectural, builder’s and finishing works;

● Excavation works;

● Building construction; and

● Drainage and utilities works.

Contract 3308 Foreign Object Debris Detection System

● Drilling of earthing and lightning pit;

● Lightning and earthing pits installation;

● Foreign Object Debris Tower installation;

● Cable laying, connection and termination works;

● Calibration and site acceptance test for foreign object debris detection sensor;

● Rectification work for handover sensor system; and

● Site formation.

Contract 3310 North Runway Modification Works

● Architectural, builder's work and finishing works;

● Land-based ground improvement works;

● Pre-boring;

● Excavation and footing construction;

● Seawall construction;

● Construction of columns, walls and slabs;

● Construction of stormwater drainage;

● Cutter soil mixing;

● Deep cement mixing;

● Sheet piles and pipe pile installation; and

● Backfilling works.

Third Runway Concourse:

Contract 3403 New Integrated Airport Centres Building and Civil Works

● Architectural, builder's work and finishing works;

● Excavation;

● Steel frame and steel fence installation;

● Roofing installation and steel frame erection of covered walkway;

● Cladding;

● Drainage and ducting;

● Road works;

● Cabling works;

● Demolition works;

● Underground utilities construction; and

● Backfilling.

Contract 3404 Integrated Airport Control System

● Equipment installation;

● Console configuration and system setup;

● Cable laying; and

● System maintenance.

Contract 3405 Three Runway Concourse Foundation and Substructure Works

● Excavation and backfilling;

● Road formation;

● Sheet piling and bored piling; and

● Structure works.

Contract 3408 Third Runway Concourse and Apron Works

● Site setup works;

● Excavation and lateral support works;

● Building construction; and

● Reinforced concrete works.

Terminal 2 (T2) Expansion:

Contract 3508 Terminal 2 Expansion Works

● Architectural, Builder's Work and Finishing works;

● Excavation and footing construction;

● Block wall construction;

● Viaduct pier construction;

● Pump station and electrical station construction;

● Temporary road construction;

● Bridge demolition;

● Tunnel boring machine mobilization;

● Piling works;

● Drainage works; and

● Backfilling.

Automated People Mover (APM) and Baggage Handling System (BHS):

Contract 3601 New Automated People Mover System (TRC Line)

● Pull out test for guideway;

● Guidebeam installation; and

● Concreting work.

Contract 3602 Existing APM System Modification Works

● Car modification;

● Concrete plinth and stitch construction;

● Contact grouting;

● Erection and fixing of power rail; and

● Erection of guide rail.

Baggage Handling System (BHS) Works:

Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System

● BHS installation.

Construction Support (Facilities):

Contract 3721 Construction Support Infrastructure Works

● Laying of drainage pipes, ducts, road work, and water mains;

● Paving works;

● Road works;

● Watermain connection works; and

● Site clearance.

Contract 3723 Construction Support Facilities

● E&M installation;

● Internal ABWF works;

● Footing works;

● Reinforced concrete works;

● Clearance works;

● Operation of centralized power supply building; and

● Operation of sewage treatment plant.

Airport Support Infrastructure:

Contract 3801 APM and BHS Tunnels on Existing Airport Island

● Excavation;

● Parapet wall construction;

● U-channel and tunnel construction;

● Ventilation ducts construction;

● Walkway construction;

● Wall construction;

● Demolition works;

● Falseworks and formworks;

● Erection of scaffolding;

● Rebar fixing and formwork erection;

● Mass concreting;

● Box jacking operation; and

● Backfilling works.

Contract 3802 APM and BHS Tunnels and Related Works

● Excavation and lateral supports;

● Deep jet mixing;

● Demolition works;

● Fencing erection;

● Pipe pile and sheet pile works;

● Tunnel construction; and

● Wall and slab construction.

Contract 3804 East and Landside Fire Stations

● Site setup and formation works;

● Preparation works of bored pile; and

● Excavation.

Construction Support (Services / Licences):

Contract 3901A Concrete Batching Facility

● Material conveyor belt construction;

● Testing and commissioning for conveyor belt; and

● Operation of concrete batching plant, and material conveyor belt.

Contract 3901B Concrete Batching Facility

● Cement tube conveyor trial;

● Testing and commissioning for conveyor belt; and

● Operation of concrete batching plant and material conveyor belt.

Contract 3913 Asphalt Batching Plant

● Operation of asphalt batching plant.

EM&A Activities Conducted in the Reporting Period

The EM&A programme was undertaken in accordance with the Manual. Summary of monitoring activities during this reporting period is presented as below:

Monitoring/ Audit Activities	Number of Sessions
Air Quality Monitoring	384
Noise Monitoring	208
Water Quality Monitoring	153
Vessel line-transect surveys for Chinese White Dolphin (CWD) monitoring	24
Land-based theodolite tracking survey effort for CWD monitoring	24

Environmental auditing works, including weekly site inspections of construction works conducted by the ET and bi-weekly site inspections conducted by the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC), audit of SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF), audit of construction and associated vessels, and audit of implementation of Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) and Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan, were conducted in the reporting period. Based on the information including ET’s observations, records of Maritime Surveillance System (MSS), and contractors’ site records, it is noted that the environmental pollution control and mitigation measures were properly implemented and the construction activities of the Project in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impact to the environment.

In accordance with Section 6.2.1.1 of the Manual, the methodology of annual sewage flow monitoring for the existing gravity sewer from the airport discharge manhole to Tung Chung Sewage Pumping Station (TCSPS) should be prepared and submitted to EPD one year before the scheduled commencement of operation of the proposed third runway. As such, the sewage flow monitoring methodology paper was prepared, submitted and subsequently approved by EPD on 21 June 2021. The annual sewage flow monitoring has also been started since June 2021. According to the daily flow monitoring record of Sewage Pumping Station 1 (SPS-1) located at the Airport from January to December 2022, the daily average flow ranged from 10,610 (m³/day) to 15,116 (m³/day), which were well below 80% of pipe full flow capacity of 53,395.2 m³/day as defined in Section 2.6.3 of the approved sewage flow monitoring methodology paper. As the purpose of the sewage flow monitoring is to inform the timing of commencement of planning for the sewer upgrading works and considering that AAHK has initiated to start planning its construction, the annual monitoring was completed in 2022.

Summary Findings of the EM&A Programme

The monitoring works for construction dust, construction noise, water quality, construction waste, landscape & visual, and CWD were conducted during the reporting period in accordance with the Manual.

Monitoring results of construction dust, construction noise, and CWD did not trigger the corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period.

One monitoring result of construction waste triggered the relevant Action Level, and the corresponding investigation was conducted as stipulated in the EM&A programme. Follow-up actions was carried out by ET and the related contractor, and the case was considered closed.

The water quality monitoring results for all parameters, except dissolved oxygen (DO) and suspended solid (SS) obtained during the reporting period were within the corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme. Relevant investigation and follow-up actions will be conducted according to the EM&A programme if the corresponding Action and Limit Levels are triggered. For dissolved oxygen (DO) and suspended solids (SS), some of the monitoring results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Levels, and corresponding investigations were conducted accordingly. The investigation findings concluded that all cases were not related to the Project. To conclude, the construction activities in the monitoring period did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers.

Summary Table

The Key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period are summarised as below:

	Yes	No	Details	Analysis / Recommendation / Remedial Actions
Breach of Limit Level^		√	No exceedance of project-related Limit Level was recorded.	Nil
Breach of Action Level^	√		A complaint regarding general refuse was received in this reporting period.	Follow-up actions have been made by ET and the related contractor, and the case was considered closed.
Complaints Received	√		Eleven complaints were received in 2022: 18 Feb, 22 Mar, 24 Mar, 25 Apr, 16 May, 28 Jun (2 complaints), 30 Jun, 3 Oct, 16 Nov and 19 Dec.	The complaint investigations were carried out in accordance with the Complaint Management Plan. Details are presented in S3.2.1.
Notification of any summons and status of prosecutions		√	No notification of summons nor prosecution was received.	Nil
Changes that affect the EM&A	√		Starting from 25 Jan 2022, 6 water quality impact monitoring stations and 3 sensitive receiver stations were terminated, with the impact monitoring stations relocated back to their original locations and minor adjustment for one of the impact monitoring stations.	Nil

Remarks: ^ Only triggering of Action or Limit Level found related to Project works is counted as Breach of Action or Limit Level.

1 Introduction

1.1 Background

On 7 November 2014, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report (Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014) for the “Expansion of Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System” (the Project) was approved and an Environmental Permit (EP) (Permit No.: EP-489/2014) was issued for the construction and operation of the Project.

Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) commissioned Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited (MMHK) to undertake the role of Environmental Team (ET) for carrying out the Environmental Monitoring & Audit (EM&A) works during the construction phase of the Project in accordance with the Manual [1] submitted under EP Condition 3.1. AECOM Asia Company Limited (AECOM) was employed by AAHK as the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) for the Project.

The Project covers the expansion of the existing airport into a three-runway system (3RS) with key project components comprising land formation of about 650 hectares and all associated facilities and infrastructure including taxiways, aprons, aircraft stands, a passenger concourse, an expanded Terminal 2, all related airside and landside works and associated ancillary and supporting facilities. The existing submarine aviation fuel pipelines and submarine power cables also require diversion as part of the works.

Construction of the Project is to proceed in the general order of diversion of the submarine aviation fuel pipelines, diversion of the submarine power cables, land formation, and construction of infrastructure, followed by construction of superstructures.

The summary of construction works programme can be referred to the corresponding Monthly EM&A Reports. Description of relevant contracts in the reporting period is presented in Appendix A.

1.2 Scope of this Report

This is the 7^th Construction Phase Annual EM&A Report for the Project which summarizes the key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022.

1.3 Project Organization

The Project’s organization structure and the contact details of the key personnel are provided in Appendix B and Table 1.1 respectively.

Table 1.1: Contact Information of Key Personnel

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Project Manager’s Representative (Airport Authority Hong Kong)	Principal Manager, Environmental Compliance, Sustainability	Lawrence Tsui	2183 2734
Environmental Team (ET) (Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited)	Environmental Team Leader	Terence Kong	2828 5919
	Deputy Environmental Team Leader	Heidi Yu	2828 5704
	Deputy Environmental Team Leader	Ken Wong	2828 5817
Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) (AECOM Asia Company Limited)	Independent Environmental Checker	Roy Man	3922 9141
	Deputy Independent Environmental Checker	Jackel Law	3922 9376

Reclamation Works:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3206 Main Reclamation Works (ZHEC-CCCC-CDC Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Alan Mong	3763 1352
Environmental Officer	Zhang Bin Wang	3763 1451

Party

Position

Name

Telephone

Contract 3206 Main Reclamation Works

(ZHEC-CCCC-CDC Joint Venture)

Project Manager

Alan Mong

3763 1352

Environmental Officer

Zhang Bin Wang

3763 1451

Airfield Works:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3301 North Runway Crossover Taxiway (FJT-CHEC-ZHEC Joint Venture)	Deputy Project Director	Kin Hang Chung	9800 0048
	Environmental Officer	Joe Wong	6182 0351
Contract 3302 Eastern Vehicular Tunnel Advance Works (China Road and Bridge Corporation)	Project Manager	Dickey Yau	5699 4503
	Environmental Officer	Dennis Ho	5645 0563
Contract 3303 Third Runway and Associated Works (SAPR Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Andrew Keung	6277 6628
	Environmental Officer	Gabriel Wong	6114 9590
Contract 3305 Airfield Ground Lighting System (ADB Safegate Hong Kong Limited)	Project Manager	Allam Al-Turk	2944 9725
	Environmental Officer	Ivan Ting	9222 9490
Contract 3306 Observation Facility Control System Supporting Interim 2RS and 3RS (Chinney Alliance Engineering Limited)	Project Director	Dennis Yam	9551 9920
	Environmental Officer	Richard Liu	9216 8990
Contract 3307 Fire Training Facility (Paul Y. Construction Company Limited)	Project Manager	Ken Tang	9640 5397
	Environmental Officer	Ferddy Leung	5585 6746
Contract 3308 Foreign Object Debris Detection System (DAS Aviation Services Group)	Project Manager	Jeffrey Yau	9873 7422
Contract 3310 North Runway Modification Works (China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Ltd.)	Project Manager	Kingsley Chiang	9424 8437
	Environmental Officer	Federick Wong	9842 2703

Third Runway Concourse:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3402 New Integrated Airport Centres Enabling Works (Wing Hing Construction Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Wyman Lau	6112 9753
	Health Safety Environmental Manager	Mike Leung	6625 2550
Contract 3403 New Integrated Airport Centres Building and Civil Works (Sun Fook Kong Construction Limited)	Project Manager	Alice Leung	9220 3162
	Environmental Officer	Ray Cheung	9785 1566
Contract 3404 Integrated Airport Control System (Shun Hing Systems Integration Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Andy Ng	9102 2739
	Safety Officer	Keith Chau	9620 7515
Contract 3405 Third Runway Concourse Foundation and Substructure Works (China Road and Bridge Corporation – Bachy Soletanche Group Limited – LT Sambo Co., Ltd. Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Francis Choi	9423 3469
	Environmental Officer	Jacky Lai	9028 8975
Contract 3408 Third Runway Concourse and Apron Works (Beijing Urban Construction Group Company Limited and Chevalier (Construction) Company Limited Joint Venture)	Assistant Project Manager	Qian Zhang	5377 7976
	Environmental Officer	Malcolm Leung	7073 7559

Terminal 2 (T2) Expansion Works:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3508 Terminal 2 Expansion Works (Gammon Engineering & Construction Company Limited)	Project Manager	Richard Ellis	6201 5637
Environmental Officer	Fanny Law	6184 4650

Party

Position

Name

Telephone

Contract 3508 Terminal 2

Expansion Works

(Gammon Engineering &

Construction Company

Limited)

Project Manager

Richard Ellis

6201 5637

Environmental Officer

Fanny Law

6184 4650

Automated People Mover (APM) and Baggage Handling System (BHS):

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3601 New Automated People Mover System (TRC Line) (CRRC Puzhen Bombardier Transportation Systems Limited and CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Hongdan Wei	158 6180 9450
	Environmental Officer	H Y Yue	9185 8186
Contract 3602 Existing APM System Modification Works (Niigata Transys Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Kunihiro Tatecho	9755 0351
	Environmental Officer	Y M Tong	5316 9801
Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System (VISH Consortium)	Project Manager	K C Ho	9272 9626
Contract 3603 3RS Baggage Handling System (VISH Consortium)	Environmental Officer	Richard Ng	9802 9577

Construction Support (Facilities):

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3721 Construction Support Infrastructure Works (China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Ltd.)	Site Agent	Thomas Lui	9011 5340
	Environmental Officer	John Mak	6273 8703
Contract 3723 Eastern Support Area – Construction Support Facilities (Tapbo Construction Company Limited and Konwo Modular House Ltd. Joint Venture.)	Deputy Project Director	Philip Kong	9337 8700
	Environmental Officer	Eddie Suen	6338 8862
Contract 3728 Minor Site Works (Shun Yuen Construction Company Limited)	Contract Manager	C K Liu	9194 8739
	Environmental Officer	Dan Leung	6856 5899
Contract 3733 Emergency Repair Service (Wing Hing Construction Co., Ltd.)	Project Manager	Michael Kan	9206 0550
	Health Safety Environmental Manager	Mike Leung	6625 2550

Airport Support Infrastructure:

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3801 APM and BHS Tunnels on Existing Airport Island (China State Construction Engineering (Hong Kong) Ltd.)	Project Manager	Kingsley Chiang	9424 8437
	Environmental Officer	Eunice Kwok	9243 1331
Contract 3802 APM and BHS Tunnels and Related Works (Gammon Engineering & Construction Company Limited)	Project Manager	John Adams	6111 6989
	Environmental Officer	Phoebe Ng	9869 1105
Contract 3804 East and Landside Fire Stations (Beijing Urban Construction Group Company Limited - Beijing Urban Construction International Company Limited - Kin Shing (Leung's) General Contractors Ltd Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Mr. Zhang Xianda	4661 6818
	Environmental Officer	Ms. Kimberly Wong	5542 1669

Construction Support (Services / Licences):

Party	Position	Name	Telephone
Contract 3901A Concrete Batching Facility (K. Wah Concrete Company Limited)	Project Manager	Benedict Wong	9553 2806
	Environmental Officer	C P Fung	9874 2872
Contract 3901B Concrete Batching Facility (Gammon Construction Limited)	Project Manager	Gabriel Chan	2435 3260
	Environmental Officer	Rex Wong	2695 6319
Contract 3913 Asphalt Batching Plant (SPR Joint Venture)	Project Manager	Xie Yi Sheng	6580 6005
Contract 3913 Asphalt Batching Plant (SPR Joint Venture)	Environmental Officer	Kenneth Chan	9300 2182

1.4 Contact Information for the Project

The contact information for the Project is provided in Table 1.2. The public can contact us through the following channels if they have any queries and comments on the environmental monitoring data and project related information.

Table 1.2: Contact Information of the Project

Channels	Contact Information
Hotline	3908 0354
Email	env@3rsproject.com
Fax	3747 6050
Postal Address	Airport Authority Hong Kong HKIA Tower 1 Sky Plaza Road Hong Kong International Airport Lantau Hong Kong Attn: Environmental Team Leader Mr Terence Kong c/o Mr Lawrence Tsui (TRD)

1.5 Summary of Construction Works

The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period are located in reclamation areas and existing airport island respectively. Works in the reclamation areas included excavation, road and cabling works, and construction of underground utilities for Terminal 2 Concourse (T2C), ground improvement works, DCM works, backfilling works, seawall, and facilities construction, together with runway and associated works such as box culvert construction, cable laying and ducting works etc. Land-based works on existing airport island involved mainly airfield works, excavation, footing, and piling works for Terminal 2 expansion, modification works for Automated People Mover (APM) and installation works for Baggage Handling System (BHS), and preparation work for utilities, with activities include cabling, pipe and drainage diversion, ducting, excavation, and backfilling works.

Overall, the construction of the Third Runway was substantially completed in late May 2022. AAHK conducted a series of pre-operation drills and the new Integrated Airport Centre of HKIA commenced operation in June 2022. After successful completion of related drills, the Third Runway commenced operation familiarisation on 8 July 2022 and was formally commissioned for operation with effect from 25 November 2022.

The locations of the works areas are presented in Figure 1.1.

1.6 Summary of EM&A Programme Requirements

The status for all environmental aspects is presented in Table 1.3.

Table 1.3: Summary of Status for All Environmental Aspects under the Manual

Parameters	EM&A Requirements	Status
Air Quality
Baseline Monitoring	At least 14 consecutive days before commencement of construction work	The baseline air quality monitoring results were reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	At least 3 times every 6 days	On-going
Noise
Baseline Monitoring	Daily for a period of at least two weeks prior to the commencement of construction works	The baseline noise monitoring results were reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Weekly	On-going
Water Quality
General Baseline Water Quality Monitoring for reclamation, water jetting and field joint works	Three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides, for at least four weeks prior to the commencement of marine works.	The baseline water quality monitoring results were reported in Baseline Water Quality Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
General Impact Water Quality Monitoring for reclamation, water jetting and field joint works	Three days per week, at mid-flood and mid-ebb tides.	On-going for reclamation works. General impact water quality monitoring for water jetting works was completed on 23 May 2017.
Initial Intensive Deep Cement Mixing (DCM) Water Quality Monitoring	At least four weeks	The Initial Intensive DCM Monitoring Report was submitted and approved by EPD in accordance with the Detailed Plan on DCM.
Regular DCM Water Quality Monitoring	Three times per week until completion of DCM works.	In view of the resumption of DCM works, regular DCM monitoring was resumed since 11 January 2022. As of April 2022, the aforementioned marine-based DCM works were completed, hence the regular DCM monitoring was ceased at all monitoring stations starting from 28 April 2022 and would be resumed if there are marine-based DCM works in the coming future.
Sewerage and Sewage Treatment
Methodology for carrying out annual sewage flow monitoring for concerned gravity sewer	Methodology to be prepared and submitted to EPD at least one year before commencement of the operation of 3RS	The proposed methodology of the annual sewage flow monitoring was approved by EPD. The annual flow monitoring was completed in December 2022.
Details of the routine H2S monitoring system for the sewerage system of 3RS	Details to be prepared and submitted to EPD at least one year before commencement of the operation of 3RS	The details of the routine H₂S monitoring system will be prepared and submitted to EPD at least one year before commencement of operation of 3RS.
Waste Management
Waste Monitoring	At least weekly	On-going
Land Contamination
Supplementary Contamination Assessment Plan (CAP)	At least 3 months before commencement of any soil remediation works.	The Supplementary CAP was submitted and approved by EPD pursuant to EP condition 2.20.
Contamination Assessment Report (CAR)	CAR to be submitted for golf course	The CAR for Golf Course was submitted and accepted by EPD.
Contamination Assessment Report (CAR)	CAR to be submitted for Terminal 2 Emergency Power Supply Systems	The CARs for Terminal 2 Emergency Power Supply Systems were submitted and accepted by EPD.
Terrestrial Ecology
Pre-construction Egretry Survey Plan	Once per month in the breeding season between April and July, prior to the commencement of HDD drilling works.	The revised Egretry Survey Plan was submitted and approved by EPD under EP Condition 2.14.
Ecological Monitoring	Monthly monitoring during the HDD construction works period from August to March.	The terrestrial ecological monitoring at Sheung Sha Chau was completed in January 2019.
Marine Ecology
Pre-Construction Phase Coral Dive Survey	Prior to marine construction works	The Coral Translocation Plan was submitted and approved by EPD under EP Condition 2.12.
Coral Translocation	-	The coral translocation was completed on 5 January 2017.
Coral Post-translocation Monitoring	As per an enhanced monitoring programme based on the Coral Translocation Plan	The post-translocation monitoring programme according to the Coral Translocation Plan was completed in April 2018.
Chinese White Dolphins (CWD)
Baseline Monitoring	6 months of baseline surveys before the commencement of land formation related construction works. Vessel line transect surveys: Two full surveys per month; Land-based theodolite tracking surveys: Two days per month at the Sha Chau station and two days per month at the Lung Kwu Chau station; and Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM): For the whole duration of baseline period.	Baseline CWD results were reported in the CWD Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD in accordance with EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Vessel line transect surveys: Two full surveys per month; Land-based theodolite tracking surveys: One day per month at the Sha Chau station and one day per month at the Lung Kwu Chau station; and PAM: For the whole duration for land formation related construction works.	On-going
Landscape and Visual
Landscape and Visual Plan	At least 3 months before the commencement of construction works on the formed land of the Project.	The Landscape & Visual Plan was submitted to EPD under EP Condition 2.18.
Baseline Monitoring	One-off survey within the Project site boundary prior to commencement of any construction works	The baseline landscape & visual monitoring result has been reported in Baseline Monitoring Report and submitted to EPD under EP Condition 3.4.
Impact Monitoring	Weekly	On-going
Environmental Auditing
Regular site inspection	Weekly	On-going
Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF) implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Construction and Associated Vessels implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Complaint Hotline and Email channel	Construction phase	On-going
Environmental Log-book	Construction phase	On-going
Silt Curtain Deployment Plan implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going
Spill Response Plan implementation measures	Monitor and check	On-going

Taking into account the construction works in the reporting period, impact monitoring of air quality, noise, water quality, waste management, landscape and visual, and CWD were carried out in the reporting period.

The EM&A programme also involved weekly site inspections and related auditing conducted by the ET for checking the implementation of the required environmental mitigation measures as recommended in the approved EIA Report. To promote the environmental awareness and enhance the environmental performance of the contractors, environmental briefings, environmental trainings, and regular environmental management meetings were conducted during the reporting period which are summarized as below:

§ 3 skipper trainings provided by ET;

§ 2 environmental briefings on EP and EM&A requirements of the 3RS provided by ET; and

§ 210 environmental management meetings for EM&A review with works contracts.

The EM&A programme has been undertaken in accordance with the recommendations presented in the approved EIA Report and the Manual. Despite that, the implementation of the EM&A programme was slightly affected by various events in the reporting period. In view of the local COVID-19 pandemic situation, special work arrangement, such as working from home, was implemented among government departments in several periods to reduce the flow of people and social contacts in the community. Besides, inclement weather events including tropical cyclones, rainstorms, and thunderstorms were also affected the regular schedules for water quality monitoring and site inspections. A summary of implementation status of the environmental mitigation measures for the construction phase of the Project during the reporting period is provided in Appendix C.

2 Environmental Monitoring and Auditing

2.1 Air Quality Monitoring

Impact 1-hour Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) monitoring was conducted three times every six days at two representative monitoring stations during the reporting period. The locations of monitoring stations are described in Table 2.1 and presented in Figure 2.1.

2.1.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the air quality monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are provided in Table 2.1.

Table 2.1: Impact Air Quality Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Station	Location	Action Level (mg/m³)	Limit Level (mg/m³)
AR1A	Man Tung Road Park	306	500
AR2	Village House at Tin Sum	298	500

2.1.2 Monitoring Results

The graphical plots of impact air quality monitoring results during the reporting period are presented in Appendix D. Percentage of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period are presented in Table 2.2.

Table 2.2: Percentage of Air Quality Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	AR1A	AR2
Jan 2022	100%	100%
Feb 2022	100%	100%
Mar 2022	100%	100%
Apr 2022	100%	100%
May 2022	100%	100%
Jun 2022	100%	100%
Jul 2022	100%	100%
Aug 2022	100%	100%
Sep 2022	100%	100%
Oct 2022	100%	100%
Nov 2022	100%	100%
Dec 2022	100%	100%
Overall	100%	100%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Level by the total number of monitoring results.

All monitoring results at AR1A and AR2 were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels.

General meteorological conditions throughout the impact monitoring period were recorded and summarized in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: General Meteorological Condition during Impact Air Quality Monitoring

	Weather	Wind Direction
Jan – Mar 2022	Sunny to Drizzle	Northwest or Northeast
Apr – Jun 2022	Sunny to Drizzle	Southeast or South
Jul – Sep 2022	Sunny to Rainy	Southeast or Southwest
Oct – Dec 2022	Sunny to Drizzle	Northeast or Northwest

2.1.3 Conclusion

No dust emission source was observed at the monitoring stations during the monitoring sessions. As the sensitive receivers were far away from the construction activities, with the implementation of dust control measures, there was no adverse impact at the sensitive receivers attributable to the works of the Project.

2.2 Noise Monitoring

Impact noise monitoring was conducted at four representative monitoring stations once per week during 0700 and 1900 in the reporting period. The locations of monitoring stations are described in Table 2.4 and presented in Figure 2.1.

2.2.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit levels of the noise monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are provided in Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Impact Noise Monitoring Stations

Monitoring Station	Location	Action Level	Limit Level
NM1A	Man Tung Road Park	When one documented complaint is received from any one of the sensitive receivers	75 dB(A)
NM4	Ching Chung Hau Po Woon Primary School		65dB(A) / 70 dB(A) ⁽ⁱ⁾
NM5	Village House in Tin Sum		75 dB(A)
NM6	House No. 1, Sha Lo Wan		75 dB(A)
Note: ⁽ⁱ⁾ The Limit Level for NM4 is reduced to 70dB(A) for being an educational institution. During school examination period, the Limit Level is further reduced to 65dB(A).

2.2.2 Monitoring Results

The graphical plots of impact noise quality monitoring results during the reporting period are presented in Appendix D. Percentage of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period are presented in Table 2.5.

Table 2.5: Percentage of Noise Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

	NM1A	NM4	NM5	NM6
Jan 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Feb 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Mar 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Apr 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
May 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Jun 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Jul 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Aug 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Sep 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Oct 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Nov 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Dec 2022	100%	100%	100%	100%
Overall	100%	100%	100%	100%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Level by the total number of monitoring results.

No complaints were received from any sensitive receiver that triggered the Action Level.

General weather conditions throughout the impact monitoring period were recorded and summarized in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: General Weather Condition during Impact Noise Monitoring

	Weather
Jan – Mar 2022	Sunny to Drizzle
Apr – Jun 2022	Sunny to Drizzle
Jul – Sep 2022	Sunny to Rainy
Oct – Dec 2022	Sunny to Drizzle

2.2.3 Conclusion

Major sources of noise dominating the monitoring stations observed during the construction noise impact monitoring were road traffic noise near NM1A, school activities at NM4, and aircraft noise near NM6 during the reporting period. As the sensitive receivers were far away from the construction activities, with the implementation of noise control measures, there was no adverse impact at the sensitive receivers attributable to the works of the Project.

2.3 Water Quality Monitoring

Impact water quality monitoring of the Project commenced on 4 Aug 2016. The monitoring was conducted three days per week, at mid-ebb and mid-flood tides, at 23 water quality monitoring stations, comprising 12 impact (IM) stations, 8 sensitive receiver (SR) stations, and 3 control (C) stations in the vicinity of the water quality sensitive receivers around the existing airport island in accordance with the Manual. The purpose of water quality monitoring at the IM stations is to promptly capture any potential water quality impacts from the Project before the impacts could become apparent at sensitive receivers (represented by the SR stations). With the resumption of DCM works, the regular DCM monitoring was conducted from 11 January 2022 onwards. As of April 2022, the aforementioned marine-based DCM works were completed, hence the regular DCM monitoring was ceased at all monitoring stations starting from 28 April 2022. In view of the progress of 3RS land formation with majority of seawall completion, reduction of IM and SR stations for impact water quality monitoring was proposed to EPD with approval granted on 22 December 2021. The reduction of IM and SR stations was effective from 25 January 2022, in which the remaining IM stations were relocated back to their original locations according to coordinates provided in Table 5.2 of the Updated EM&A Manual, with slight modifications to the location of IM2. After the reduction of monitoring stations, there was a total of 14 water quality monitoring stations, comprising 6 impact (IM) stations, 5 sensitive receiver (SR) stations and 3 control (C) stations. Table 2.7 describes the details of the monitoring stations. Figure 2.2a shows the locations of the monitoring stations before the reduction of IM and SR stations, and Figure 2.2b shows the locations of the remaining monitoring stations on and after 25 January 2022.

Table 2.7: Monitoring Locations and Parameters for Impact Water Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Station	Description	Coordinates				Parameters
		Easting		Northing
		Before 25 Jan 2022	After 25 Jan 2022	Before 25 Jan 2022	After 25 Jan 2022
C1	Control Station	804247	804247	815620	815620	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS DCM Parameters Total Alkalinity, Heavy Metals⁽²⁾
C2	Control Station	806945	806945	825682	825682
C3⁽³⁾	Control Station	817803	817803	822109	822109
IM1⁽⁸⁾	Impact Station	807132	806458	817949	818351
IM2⁽⁸⁾	Impact Station	806166	806236	818163	819183
IM3⁽⁷⁾	Impact Station	805594	N/A	818784	N/A
IM4⁽⁷⁾	Impact Station	804607	N/A	819725	N/A
IM5⁽⁷⁾	Impact Station	804867	N/A	820735	N/A
IM6⁽⁷⁾	Impact Station	805828	N/A	821060	N/A
IM7⁽⁸⁾	Impact Station	806835	806835	821349	821349
IM8⁽⁷⁾	Impact Station	808140	N/A	821830	N/A
IM9⁽⁷⁾	Impact Station	808811	N/A	822094	N/A
IM10⁽⁸⁾	Impact Station	809794	809838	822385	822240
IM11⁽⁸⁾	Impact Station	811460	810545	822057	821501
IM12⁽⁸⁾	Impact Station	812046	811519	821459	821162
SR1A⁽¹⁾	Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HKBCF) Seawater Intake for cooling	812660	812660	819977	819977	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS
SR2	Planned marine park / hard corals at The Brothers / Tai Mo To	814166	814166	821463	821463	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS DCM Parameters Total Alkalinity, Heavy Metals⁽²⁾⁽⁴⁾
SR3	Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park / fishing and spawning grounds in North Lantau	807571	807571	822147	822147	General Parameters DO, pH, Temperature, Salinity, Turbidity, SS
SR4A	Sha Lo Wan	807810	807810	817189	817189
SR5A⁽⁷⁾	San Tau Beach SSSI	810696	N/A	816593	N/A
SR6A⁽^{5) (7)}	Tai Ho Bay, Near Tai Ho Stream SSSI	814739	N/A	817963	N/A
SR7⁽⁷⁾	Ma Wan Fish Culture Zone (FCZ)	823742	N/A	823636	N/A
SR8⁽⁶⁾	Seawater Intake for cooling at Hong Kong International Airport (East)	811623	811623	820390	820390

Notes:

⁽¹⁾With the operation of HKBCF, water quality monitoring at SR1A station was commenced on 25 October 2018. To better reflect the water quality in the immediate vicinity of the intake, the monitoring location of SR1A has been shifted closer to the intake starting from 5 January 2019.

⁽²⁾ Details of selection criteria for the two heavy metals for early regular and regular DCM monitoring refer to the Detailed Plan on Deep Cement Mixing available on the dedicated 3RS website (http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/ep-submissions.html). DCM specific water quality monitoring parameters (total alkalinity and heavy metals) were only conducted at C1 to C3, SR2, and IM1 to IM12.

⁽³⁾ According to the baseline water quality monitoring report, C3 station is not adequately representative as a control station of IM / SR stations during the flood tide. The control reference has been changed from C3 to SR2 from 1 September 2016 onwards.

⁽⁴⁾Total alkalinity and heavy metals (i.e. Nickel and Chromium) results are collected at SR2 as a control station for regular DCM monitoring.

⁽⁵⁾ As the access to SR6 was obstructed by the construction activities and temporary structures for Tung Chung New Town Extension, the monitoring location was relocated to SR6A starting from 8 August 2019.

⁽⁶⁾The monitoring station for SR8 is subject to future changes due to silt curtain arrangements and the progressive relocation of this seawater intake.

⁽⁷⁾In view of the progress of 3RS land formation with majority of seawall completion, these monitoring stations for impact water quality monitoring were terminated from 25 January 2022 onwards.

⁽⁸⁾With the seawall completion and removal of enhanced open sea silt curtains, these monitoring stations were relocated back to their original locations. For IM2, there was minor adjustment of the monitoring location.

2.3.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme are presented in Table 2.8. The control and impact stations during flood tide and ebb tide for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring are presented in Table 2.9. The weather and sea conditions during the reporting period were recorded and are summarized in Table 2.10.

Table 2.8: Action and Limit Levels for General Water Quality Monitoring and Regular DCM Monitoring

Parameters		Action Level (AL)		Limit Level (LL)
Action and Limit Levels for general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring (excluding SR1A & SR8)
General Water Quality Monitoring	DO in mg/l (Surface, Middle & Bottom)	Surface and Middle 4.5 mg/l		Surface and Middle 4.1 mg/l 5 mg/l for Fish Culture Zone (SR7) only
	DO in mg/l (Surface, Middle & Bottom)	Bottom 3.4 mg/l		Bottom 2.7 mg/l
	Suspended Solids (SS) in mg/l	23	or 120% of upstream control station at the same tide of the same day, whichever is higher	37	or 130% of upstream control station at the same tide of the same day, whichever is higher
	Turbidity in NTU	22.6		36.1
Regular DCM Monitoring⁽⁶⁾	Total Alkalinity in ppm	95		99
	Representative Heavy Metals for regular DCM monitoring (Chromium)	0.2		0.2
	Representative Heavy Metals for regular DCM monitoring (Nickel)	3.2		3.6
Action and Limit Levels SR1A
SS (mg/l)		33		42
Action and Limit Levels SR8
SS (mg/l)		52		60

Notes:

⁽¹⁾For DO measurement, Action or Limit Level is triggered when the monitoring result is lower than the limits.

⁽²⁾For parameters other than DO, Action or Limit Level of water quality results is triggered when monitoring results is higher than the limits.

⁽³⁾Depth-averaged results are used unless specified otherwise.

⁽⁴⁾Details of selection criteria for the two heavy metals (i.e. Nickel and Chromium) for early regular and regular DCM monitoring refer to the Detailed Plan on Deep Cement Mixing available on the dedicated 3RS website http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/ep-submissions.html)

⁽⁵⁾The Action and Limit Levels for the two representative heavy metals chosen will be the same as that for the intensive DCM monitoring.

Table 2.9: The Control and Impact Stations during Flood Tide and Ebb Tide for General Water Quality Monitoring and Regular DCM Monitoring

Control Station	Impact Stations
Flood Tide
C1	IM1, IM2, IM3⁽²⁾, IM4⁽²⁾, IM5⁽²⁾, IM6⁽²⁾, IM7, IM8⁽²⁾, SR3
SR2⁽¹⁾	IM7, IM8⁽²⁾, IM9⁽²⁾, IM10, IM11, IM12, SR1A, SR3, SR4A, SR5A⁽²⁾, SR6A⁽²⁾, SR8
Ebb Tide
C1	SR4A, SR5A⁽²⁾, SR6A⁽²⁾
C2	IM1, IM2, IM3⁽²⁾, IM4⁽²⁾, IM5⁽²⁾, IM6⁽²⁾, IM7, IM8⁽²⁾, IM9⁽²⁾, IM10, IM11, IM12, SR1A, SR2, SR3, SR7⁽²⁾, SR8

Notes:

⁽¹⁾As per findings of Baseline Water Quality Report, the control reference was changed from C3 to SR2 from 1 September 2016 onwards.

⁽²⁾The general water quality monitoring and regular DCM monitoring at IM3, IM4, IM5, IM6, IM8, IM9, SR5A, SR6A & SR7 were terminated from 25 January 2022 onwards.

Table 2.10: General Weather Condition and Sea Condition during Impact Water Quality Monitoring

	Weather	Sea Condition
Jan – Mar 2022	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Apr – Jun 2022	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Jul – Sep 2022	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough
Oct – Dec 2022	Sunny to Rainy	Calm to Rough

2.3.2 Monitoring Results

Percentage of monitoring results within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels in the reporting period are presented in Table 2.11. It should be noted that Hong Kong was under the effect of tropical cyclones from 1 to 2 July, 24 to 25 August, 17 to 18 October, and 1 to 3 November 2022 respectively, and the water quality monitoring results during the said periods might be affected by the inclement weather.

Table 2.11: Percentage of Water Quality Monitoring Results within Action and Limit Levels

		General Water Quality Monitoring				Regular DCM Monitoring
	DO (Surface and Middle)		DO (Bottom)	SS	Turbidity	Alkalinity	Chromium	Nickel
Jan 2022	100%		100%	98.9%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Feb 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Mar 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Apr 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	100%	100%	100%
May 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	-	-	-
Jun 2022	100%		98.6%	99.6%	100%	-	-	-
Jul 2022	97.5%		87.3%	100%	100%	-	-	-
Aug 2022	100%		99.5%	100%	100%	-	-	-
Sep 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	-	-	-
Oct 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	-	-	-
Nov 2022	100%		100%	99.6%	100%	-	-	-
Dec 2022	100%		100%	100%	100%	-	-	-
Overall	99.8%		98.8%	99.8%	100%	100%	100%	100%
Note: The percentages are calculated by dividing the number of depth-averaged results within their corresponding Action and Limit Level by the total number of depth-averaged results.

The monitoring results for turbidity, total alkalinity, chromium and nickel obtained in the reporting period were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels.

For DO and SS, some of the testing results triggered the corresponding Action or Limit Levels in the reporting period. Investigations were conducted accordingly and the details were presented in the corresponding Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Reports. The status of each water quality parameter collected in the reporting period are presented graphically in Appendix D. Some of these cases were recorded at monitoring stations located upstream of the Project based on dominant tidal flow and were considered not affected by the Project. Based on respective investigation findings, cases triggering Action or Limit Level were found not related to the Project.

2.3.3 Conclusions

During the reporting period, it was noted that the vast majority of monitoring results (from 98.8% for DO (Bottom), 99.8% for DO (Surface and Middle) and SS, to 100% for turbidity, total alkalinity, chromium and nickel as presented in Table 2.11) were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels, while only a minor number of results triggered their corresponding Action or Limit Level, and investigations were conducted. Based on the findings of the investigations presented in the Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Reports for 2022, all results that triggered the corresponding Action or Limit Level were not related to the Project. Therefore, the Project did not cause adverse impact at the water quality sensitive receivers. All required actions under the Event and Action Plan were followed. These cases were considered to be due to natural fluctuation or other sources not related to the Project.

Nevertheless, the non-project related triggers were attended to and have initiated corresponding actions and measures. As part of the EM&A programme, the construction methods and mitigation measures for water quality will continue to be monitored and opportunities for further enhancement will continue to be explored and implemented where possible, to strive for better protection of water quality and the marine environment.

In the meantime, the contractors were reminded to implement and maintain all mitigation measures during weekly site inspection and regular environmental management meetings. These include maintaining mitigation measures properly for reclamation works including DCM works, marine filling, seawall construction, and bored piling for approach lights as recommended in the Manual.

2.4 Waste Monitoring

In accordance with the Manual, the waste generated from construction activities was audited once per week to determine if waste was being managed in accordance with the Waste Management Plan (WMP) prepared for the Project, contract-specific WMP, and any statutory and contractual requirements. All aspects of waste management including waste generation, storage, transportation, and disposal were reviewed during the audits.

2.4.1 Action and Limit Levels

The Action and Limit Levels of the construction waste are provided in Table 2.12.

Table 2.12: Action and Limit Levels for Construction Waste

Monitoring Stations	Action Level	Limit Level
Construction Area	When one valid documented complaint is received	Non-compliance of the WMP, contract-specific WMPs, any statutory and contractual requirements

2.4.2 Summary of Monitoring Results

Weekly monitoring on all works contracts were carried out by the ET in the reporting period to check and monitor the implementation of proper waste management practices.

Recommendations made included provision and maintenance of proper chemical waste storage area, as well as proper handling, segregation, and regular disposal of general refuse. Paper, plastics, and metals were recycled in the reporting period. The contractors implemented the recommended measures to improve waste management issues. Waste management audits were carried out by ET according to the requirement of the WMP, the Manual, and the implementation schedule of the waste management mitigation measures in Appendix C.

The construction waste generated in the reporting period is summarized in Table 2.13.

Table 2.13: Statistics of Construction Waste Generated in the Reporting Period

	Construction and Demolition Material Stockpiled for Reuse or Recycle⁽¹⁾ (m³)	Construction and Demolition Material Reused in the Project⁽²⁾ (m³)	Construction and Demolition Material Reused in other Projects⁽²⁾ (m³)	Construction and Demolition Material Transferred to Public Fill (m³)	Chemical Waste (kg)	Chemical Waste (L)	General Refuse (tonne)
Jan 2022	53,747	13,880	9,741	6,668	400	1,800	4,274
Feb 2022	32,167	55,997	582	3,219	0	0	2,405
Mar 2022	52,788	14,390	957	5,867	0	2,800	1,901
Apr 2022	71,732	25,394	1,181	13,597	0	2,800	1,892
May 2022	73,565	24,722	938	8,313	20	0	3,358
Jun 2022	34,177	42,844	1,211	10,305	1,000	0	2,679
Jul 2022	44,288	33,586	1,125	11,485	0	0	1,953
Aug 2022	19,018	74,991	1,998	9,006	0	0	1,915
Sep 2022	7,051	92,604	1,207	5,452	240	3,800	1,857
Oct 2022	1,358	3,122	6,524	6,009	1,100	2,800	2,108
Nov 2022	1,364	1,667	745	5,515	210	0	2,493
Dec 2022	1,687	0	676	6,799	800	2,000	2,503
Total	392,942	383,200	26,890	92,235	3,770	16,000	29,337
Notes: 1. The excavated materials were temporarily stored at stockpiling area and will be reused in the Project. 2. According to latest update by Contractor, the values in Construction and Demolition Material Reused in the Projects and Construction and Demolition Material Reused in other Projects in 2022 are updated. 3. Figures are rounded off to the nearest tonne.

A complaint regarding general refuse was received on 18 February 2022. This complaint triggered the relevant Action Level, and the corresponding investigation was subsequently conducted in accordance with the Manual and the Complaint Management Plan of the Project. The summary of this complaint and analysis can be found in Appendix F. On the other hand, there were no non-compliance of the WMP, contract-specific WMPs, statutory and contractual requirements that triggered Action and Limit Levels in this reporting period.

2.4.3 Marine Sediment Management

Marine sediment was managed according to the EIA Report, Updated EM&A Manual and WMP and the proposal of Further Development on Treatment Level / Details and the Reuse Mode for Marine Sediment (hereinafter referred to as “Further Development Proposal”) of the Project. Based on EIA requirements, marine sediments would be treated using cement mixing and stabilisation/solidification method. All these treated sediments would be reused on-site as backfilling materials. The sampling process, storage conditions of the excavated marine sediment, treatment process, final backfilling location as well as associated records were inspected and checked by ET and verified by IEC to ensure they were in compliance with the requirements as stipulated in the WMP and Further Development Proposal.

2.4.3.1 Reclaimed Land Area with Ground Improvement Works by Deep Cement Mixing

With reference to the Further Development Proposal approved on 17 January 2020, the marine sediment generated from the areas with ground improvement works of the 3RS Project was treated in-situ with cement by DCM, and the excavated materials would be reused on-site without disposal to sea, it was considered more appropriate to have the excavated materials tested against Risk Based Remediation Goals (RBRGs). Therefore, as an alternative to the testing arrangement presented in the 3RS EIA Report, the assessment approach provided in the EPD’s Practice Guide for Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Land (hereafter referred to as “Practice Guide”) was adopted and the quality of excavated marine sediment was assessed against the most stringent RBRG limits (for Rural Residential Land Use) for eight heavy metals including Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, Nickel, Zinc and Copper.

If the testing results were below the RBRGs limits, no further environmental treatment would be required for the marine sediment materials excavated from the sampling grid. However, geotechnical treatment might require for marine sediment to improve the quality as backfilling materials. If there was RBRGs exceedance in a particular heavy metal at a certain sampling depth, only excavated sediment material from such sampling depth of the concerned sampling grid, would undergo further cement stabilization, before testing against the Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (TCLP) limit of the concerned heavy metal (heavy metal parameter exceeded RBRGs) before reuse. For TCLP limits, please refer to Table 2.14 (Table 4.6 of the Practice Guide). The excavated sediment materials from such sampling depth with exceedance of RBRGs, would be tested against Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) after treatment. The UCS was defined based on respective engineering requirements. The testing frequency for TCLP was the same as that described in Section 10.5.1.14 of the approved EIA Report, i.e. one sample per 50 m³ for the first 1,000 m³ batch of excavated sediment materials. Provided that the samples meet the TCLP limit(s), the subsequent testing frequency would be reduced to be at least two samples per 10,000 m³ batch. In the event that the required level was not achieved, the concerned whole batch should be crushed and the material would be further handled and treated as necessary. The testing frequency should be revised to one sample per 50 m³ batch (with two further samples kept for contingency) and treated samples should be taken for laboratory testing. Once the concerned heavy metal complied with the particular TCLP limit, the previous sampling frequency of at least two samples per 10,000 m³batch should be resumed.

Table 2.14: Universal Treatment Standards for On-site Reuse of Sediment Treated by Cement Mixing and Stabilization

Parameters⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	TCLP Limit (mg/L)
Arsenic	5
Cadmium	0.11
Total Chromium	0.6
Lead	0.75
Mercury	0.025
Nickel	11
Zinc	4.3

Notes:

1. Universal Treatment Standard – US 40 CFR 268.48

2. For copper, it must be reduced by at least 90% in mobility for copper through cement stabilization/solidification remedial treatment. The reduction of mobility of copper (leachable metals contaminant) should be confirmed through TCLP tests (i.e. to carry out TCLP test for the untreated sediment and for the sediment after treatment and to compare the concentrations of copper in the leachates).

A sampling grid size of 100 m x 100 m was adopted for locating sampling points for areas where marine sediment to be excavated from the newly reclaimed area. One marine sediment sample was taken if the depth of marine sediment to be excavated was less than or equalled to 3 m. If the depth of marine sediment to be excavated was less than or equalled to 6 m, a sample was taken from the depth of 0 - 3 m, and 3 - 6 m. If the marine sediment to be excavated was more than 6 m, a sample was taken from three different depths including one in the depth of 0 - 3 m, 3 - 6 m, and 6 m to the bottom of the marine sediment to be excavated. All above testing should be carried out by HOKLAS laboratory, and the results were checked by ET and IEC.

The tentative location of sampling grids where marine sediment is to be excavated from the newly reclaimed area land was presented in Appendix A of the Further Development Proposal. Figure 2.3 shows all the sampling grids covering all the potential areas where marine sediment was excavated from the newly reclaimed land up to the end of the reporting period. The sampling grid for each area is denoted by specific colour, the sampling grids with light green and light red shaded represent all sampling layer(s) passed RBRGs limit(s) and sampling layer(s) with parameter(s) exceeding RBRGs limit(s), respectively. Details of sampling ID and sampling depths are also presented in each sampling grid. The number of grids for sampling for each area, the number of grids with pass and fail of the RBRGs results, the number of grids with marine sediment not encountered within the final excavation level and the number of grids to be sampled in future reporting period are all summarised in Table 2.15.

Table 2.15: Summary of Marine Sediment Testing Result for the Reclaimed Land Area with Ground Improvement

Sampling Area	Western Vehicular Tunnel	Eastern Vehicular Tunnel	Airport North Fire Station	Terminal 2 Concourse	APM/BHS Tunnel and Ancillary Building with Piled Foundation
Grid Sampling and Testing
Total No. of Grids for Areas where Marine Sediment was Excavated (a)+(b)+(c)	15	11	1	36	33
No. of Grids with “Pass” RBRGs Results (a)	15	8	1	34	29
No. of Grids with “Fail” RBRGs Results (b)	0	0	0	2	3
No. of Grids with marine sediment not encountered within the final excavation level (c)	0